Center for Medical Humanities and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50012, Taiwan.
BMC Med Educ. 2013 Oct 25;13:142. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-142.
The effect of visual arts interventions on development of empathy has not been quantitatively investigated. A study was conducted on the effect of a visual arts-based program on the scores of the Jefferson Scale for Physician Empathy (JSPE).
A total of 110 clerks (n = 92) and first-year postgraduate residents (PGY1s) (n = 18) participating in the program were recruited into this study. The 4-hr program covered the subjects of learning to interpret paintings, interpreting paintings relating to medicine, illness and human suffering, the related-topics of humanitarianism and the other humanities fields and values and meaning. The JSPE was completed at the beginning (pretest) and the end (posttest) of the program.
There was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest JSPE scores. The average of the scores for the pretest was lower in the subgroup of PGY1s than the subgroup of clerks (p = 0.0358). An increased but not significantly mean posttest JESPE score was noted for the subgroup of PGY1s. Neither the females nor the males had higher posttest JSPE scores than the pretest scores.
Although using a structured visual arts-based program as an intervention may be useful to enhance medical students' empathy, our results failed to show a positive effect on the JSPE Scores for a group of clerks and PGY1s. This suggests that further experimental studies are needed if quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of visual-arts based programs on empathy is to be investigated.
视觉艺术干预对同理心发展的影响尚未进行定量研究。本研究旨在探讨基于视觉艺术的项目对杰斐逊同理心量表（JSPE）评分的影响。
共有 110 名实习医生（n=92）和一年级住院医师（PGY1）（n=18）参与了该项目。该 4 小时的课程涵盖了学习解读绘画、解读与医学、疾病和人类苦难相关的绘画、人道主义和其他人文领域的相关主题以及价值观和意义等主题。在项目开始前（前测）和结束后（后测）完成 JSPE 测试。
前后测的 JSPE 评分无显著差异。PGY1 亚组的前测评分低于实习医生亚组（p=0.0358）。PGY1 亚组的后测 JESPE 评分略有升高，但无统计学意义。女性和男性的后测 JSPE 评分均未高于前测评分。
虽然使用结构化的基于视觉艺术的项目作为干预措施可能有助于提高医学生的同理心，但我们的结果并未显示该项目对实习医生和 PGY1 亚组的 JSPE 评分有积极影响。这表明，如果要研究基于视觉艺术的项目对同理心的有效性的定量评估，还需要进一步的实验研究。
