Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland.
Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2013 Nov-Dec;48(6):703-14. doi: 10.1111/1460-6984.12041. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
People who stutter often experience negative judgments and reactions to their stuttering from the nonstuttering majority. Many are stigmatized because of their stuttering and threatened with social exclusion, placing them at risk for compromised quality of life.
The purpose of this investigation was to measure public attitudes toward stuttering in Poland.
METHODS & PROCEDURES: A sample of 268 respondents (mean age = 29 years; range = 15-60 years) from numerous different geographic and urban-rural settings in Poland filled out a Polish translation of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S).
OUTCOMES & RESULTS: Polish respondents displayed attitudes toward stuttering and people who stutter that were generally similar or "average" in comparison with other samples around the world from the POSHA-S database.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: Although generally typical of other Western societies studied, attitudes of adolescents and adults from Poland were notably different in some ways, such as in the beliefs that emotional trauma or viruses and disease can cause stuttering as well as in the self reaction that they would feel uncomfortable speaking with a stuttering person. Overall, social exclusion and stigma are as likely among Poles who stutter as among most other populations studied.
口吃者经常会因为口吃而受到非口吃者的负面评价和反应。许多口吃者因此受到歧视，并面临社会排斥的威胁，这使他们的生活质量受到影响。
本研究旨在测量波兰公众对口吃的态度。
来自波兰各地不同地理和城乡环境的 268 名受访者（平均年龄= 29 岁；年龄范围= 15-60 岁）填写了口吃者公众态度调查（POSHA-S）的波兰语翻译版。
与 POSHA-S 数据库中的其他来自世界各地的样本相比，波兰受访者对口吃和口吃者的态度通常相似或“平均”。
尽管与研究过的其他西方社会总体上相似，但波兰青少年和成年人的态度在某些方面却明显不同，例如他们认为情绪创伤、病毒和疾病会导致口吃，以及他们在与口吃者交谈时会感到不舒服的自我反应。总的来说，波兰口吃者与大多数其他研究人群一样，也面临着社会排斥和耻辱。
