Saba Fakhredin, Soleimani Masoud, Atashi Amir, Mortaz Esmaeil, Shahjahani Mohammad, Roshandel Elham, Jaseb Kaveh, Saki Najmaldin
Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Lab Hematol. 2013 Sep;19(3):8-16. doi: 10.1532/LH96.12013.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and blood cell progenitors, such as maturing leucocytes, steadily enter from bone marrow (BM) into the circulation under steady-state conditions, and their mobilization is dramatically amplified during stress conditions and by mediators such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). This mobilization is dependent upon bone remodeling, the proteolytic enzymes of bone marrow-derived stromal cells, and adhesion molecules such as integrin, but the main mechanisms controlling this traffic are still unclear. The nervous system, as the most important regulator of the body, can affect the mobilization network by secreting catecholamines, so that denervation of catecholaminergic fibers in the BM of mice could lead to declining mobilization in steady state and stress situations, even in the presence of other intact environmental factors in the BM. Thus, due to the importance of the nervous system, we have attempted to give a general overview of how the nervous system is involved in the mobilization of HSCs in this review. Then, we will try to describe the mobilization process induced by the nervous system, which consists of 3 mechanisms: stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), proteolytic enzymes, and bone remodeling.
造血干细胞（HSCs）和血细胞祖细胞，如成熟的白细胞，在稳态条件下稳定地从骨髓（BM）进入循环系统，并且在应激条件下以及通过粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）等介质，它们的动员作用会显著增强。这种动员作用依赖于骨重塑、骨髓来源的基质细胞的蛋白水解酶以及诸如整合素等黏附分子，但控制这种细胞运输的主要机制仍不清楚。神经系统作为身体最重要的调节者，可以通过分泌儿茶酚胺来影响动员网络，因此小鼠骨髓中儿茶酚胺能纤维的去神经支配会导致在稳态和应激情况下动员作用下降，即使骨髓中存在其他完整的环境因素。因此，鉴于神经系统的重要性，我们在本综述中试图对神经系统如何参与造血干细胞的动员作用给出一个总体概述。然后，我们将尝试描述由神经系统诱导的动员过程，其包括3种机制：基质细胞衍生因子1（SDF-1）/CXC趋化因子受体4型（CXCR4）、蛋白水解酶和骨重塑。
