Axelsson Malin, Brink Eva, Lötvall Jan
(Researcher and Senior Lecturer), (Professor), Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Researcher and Senior Lecturer), (Associate Professor), Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden (Associate Professor), Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Associate Professor), University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2014 Jan;26(1):32-39. doi: 10.1002/2327-6924.12069. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Poor adherence to medication treatment for asthma and allergic rhinitis could challenge a positive health outcome. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important measure of health outcome. Both personality and gender could influence adherence and perceptions of HRQL. The purpose was to clarify the role of personality and gender in relation to adherence and HRQL in people with asthma and/or rhinitis.
Participants (n = 180) with asthma and allergic rhinitis, selected from a population-based study, filled out questionnaires on the five-factor model personality traits--neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness--HRQL, and adherence to medication treatment. Data were statistically analyzed using t-tests, Mann-Whitney tests, bivariate correlations, and multiple regressions.
Personality traits were associated with adherence to medication treatment in men. The influence of personality traits on HRQL also differed between men and women. These differences suggest that both a personality and gender perspective should be considered when planning care support aimed at improving adherence and HRQL in people living with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis.
It is suggested that both a personality and gender perspective be taken into account in care support aimed at improving adherence and HRQL in people with asthma and allergic rhinitis.
哮喘和过敏性鼻炎药物治疗依从性差可能会对良好的健康结果构成挑战。健康相关生活质量（HRQL）是衡量健康结果的一项重要指标。人格和性别都会影响依从性以及对HRQL的认知。目的是阐明人格和性别在哮喘和/或鼻炎患者的依从性及HRQL方面所起的作用。
从一项基于人群的研究中选取了180名患有哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的参与者，他们填写了关于五因素模型人格特质（神经质、外向性、经验开放性、宜人性和尽责性）、HRQL以及药物治疗依从性的问卷。使用t检验、曼-惠特尼检验、双变量相关性分析和多元回归对数据进行统计学分析。
人格特质与男性的药物治疗依从性相关。人格特质对HRQL的影响在男性和女性中也存在差异。这些差异表明，在规划旨在提高哮喘和/或过敏性鼻炎患者的依从性及HRQL的护理支持时，应同时考虑人格和性别的因素。
建议在旨在提高哮喘和过敏性鼻炎患者的依从性及HRQL的护理支持中，考虑人格和性别的因素。
