School of Optometry and Vision Science, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014 Feb;69(2):240-4. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glt173. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
To establish whether sensorimotor function and balance are associated with on-road driving performance in older adults.
The performance of 270 community-living adults aged 70-88 years recruited via the electoral roll was measured on a battery of peripheral sensation, strength, flexibility, reaction time, and balance tests and on a standardized measure of on-road driving performance.
Forty-seven participants (17.4%) were classified as unsafe based on their driving assessment. Unsafe driving was associated with reduced peripheral sensation, lower limb weakness, reduced neck range of motion, slow reaction time, and poor balance in univariate analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified poor vibration sensitivity, reduced quadriceps strength, and increased sway on a foam surface with eyes closed as significant and independent risk factors for unsafe driving. These variables classified participants into safe and unsafe drivers with a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 70%.
A number of sensorimotor and balance measures were associated with driver safety and the multivariate model comprising measures of sensation, strength, and balance was highly predictive of unsafe driving in this sample. These findings highlight important determinants of driver safety and may assist in developing efficacious driver safety strategies for older drivers.
为了确定感觉运动功能和平衡能力是否与老年人的道路驾驶表现相关。
通过选民名册招募了 270 名年龄在 70-88 岁的社区居住的成年人，对他们进行了一系列外周感觉、力量、柔韧性、反应时间和平衡测试，以及标准化的道路驾驶表现测试。
根据驾驶评估，有 47 名参与者（17.4%）被归类为不安全。在单变量分析中，不安全的驾驶与外周感觉降低、下肢无力、颈部活动范围减小、反应时间减慢以及平衡能力差有关。多变量逻辑回归分析确定了振动敏感性差、股四头肌力量减弱以及闭眼在泡沫表面上的摆动增加是不安全驾驶的显著和独立危险因素。这些变量将参与者分为安全和不安全的驾驶员，其敏感性为 74%，特异性为 70%。
多项感觉运动和平衡指标与驾驶员的安全相关，包含感觉、力量和平衡指标的多变量模型对该样本中不安全驾驶具有高度预测性。这些发现强调了驾驶员安全的重要决定因素，并可能有助于制定针对老年驾驶员的有效驾驶员安全策略。
