Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Appl Ergon. 2017 Nov;65:335-344. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Jul 29.
Brake reaction time is a key component to studying driving performance and evaluating fitness to drive. Although commercial simulators can measure brake reaction time, their cost remains a major barrier to clinical access. Therefore, we developed open-source software written in C-sharp (C#) for measuring driving related reaction times, which includes a subject-controlled vehicle with straight-line dynamics and several testing scenarios. The software measures both simple and cognitive load based reaction times and can use any human interface device compliant steering wheel and pedals. Measures from the software were validated against a commercial simulator and tested for reproducibility. Further, experiments were performed using hand controls in both able-bodied and spinal cord injured patients to determine clinical feasibility for disabled populations. The software demonstrated high validity when measuring brake reaction times, showed excellent test-retest reliability, and was sensitive enough to determine significant brake reaction time differences between able-bodied and spinal cord injured subjects. These results indicate that the proposed simulator is a simple and feasible low-cost solution to perform brake reaction time tests and evaluate fitness to drive.
刹车反应时间是研究驾驶性能和评估驾驶适宜性的关键组成部分。虽然商用模拟器可以测量刹车反应时间，但它们的成本仍然是临床应用的主要障碍。因此，我们开发了一种用 C#编写的开源软件，用于测量与驾驶相关的反应时间，其中包括一个具有直线动力学和几种测试场景的受测者控制车辆。该软件可测量简单和认知负荷的反应时间，并可使用任何符合人体工程学的方向盘和脚踏板的人机接口设备。该软件的测量结果与商用模拟器进行了验证，并测试了其可重复性。此外，还在手控装置上对健全人和脊髓损伤患者进行了实验，以确定残疾人群的临床可行性。该软件在测量刹车反应时间时表现出很高的有效性，具有出色的测试-再测试可靠性，并且足够灵敏，可以确定健全人和脊髓损伤患者之间刹车反应时间的显著差异。这些结果表明，所提出的模拟器是一种简单、可行且低成本的解决方案，可用于进行刹车反应时间测试和评估驾驶适宜性。
