Departments of Pharmacology; Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2013 Nov;1304:62-9. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12280. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
The transition into and out of adolescence is a unique developmental period during which neuronal circuits are particularly susceptible to modification by experience. Adolescence is associated with an increased incidence of anxiety disorders in humans, and an estimated 75% of adults with fear-related disorders met diagnostic criteria as children and adolescents. Conserved neural circuitry of rodents and humans has facilitated neurodevelopmental studies of behavioral and molecular processes associated with fear learning and memory that lie at the heart of many anxiety disorders. Here, we review the nonlinear developmental aspects of fear learning and memory during a transition period into and out of adolescence and provide a discussion of the molecular mechanisms that may underlie these alterations in behavior. We provide a model that may help to inform novel treatment strategies for children and adolescents with fear-related disorders.
青春期的过渡是一个独特的发展时期，在此期间，神经元回路特别容易受到经验的影响。青春期与人类焦虑障碍的发病率增加有关，据估计，75%的与恐惧相关障碍的成年人在儿童和青少年时期符合诊断标准。啮齿动物和人类的保守神经回路促进了与恐惧学习和记忆相关的行为和分子过程的神经发育研究，这些研究是许多焦虑障碍的核心。在这里，我们回顾了青春期过渡期间恐惧学习和记忆的非线性发展方面，并讨论了可能是这些行为改变的基础的分子机制。我们提供了一个模型，可能有助于为有恐惧相关障碍的儿童和青少年提供新的治疗策略。
