Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Center for Fetal Medicine and Women's Ultrasound, Los Angeles, CA.
Semin Perinatol. 2013 Oct;37(5):310-22. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2013.06.007.
First trimester scanning has become routine since the introduction of nuchal translucency screening. While most scans have included dating and gross anatomical structures, recent reports have shown that with improvement of ultrasound technology, especially high-frequency transvaginal transducers, detailed analysis of the early fetal anatomy is now possible. Studies included in this manuscript demonstrate the ability to now being able to identify many fetal malformations including some very subtle ones. The literature presented has carefully conducted many prospective studies presenting timelines that show optimal periods to review the anatomical structures by a given gestational age especially noting when these anatomical structures are not optimally seen.
自颈项透明层筛查引入以来,孕早期扫描已成为常规。虽然大多数扫描都包括了孕周的确定和大体解剖结构的检查,但最近的报告显示,随着超声技术的改进,特别是高频经阴道探头的应用,现在已经可以对早期胎儿的解剖结构进行详细分析。本手稿中包含的研究表明,现在已经能够识别许多胎儿畸形,包括一些非常细微的畸形。所呈现的文献经过了精心的前瞻性研究,提出了时间轴,显示了在特定的孕龄下,通过给定的孕周来检查解剖结构的最佳时期,尤其是注意到哪些解剖结构不能被最佳地观察到。