Kim Chol, Okabe Tadashi, Sakurai Minoru, Kanaya Koji, Ishihara Keiichi, Inoue Tetsuo, Kumita Shin-ichiro, Sakamoto Atsuhiro
Department of Anaesthesia, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital.
J Nippon Med Sch. 2013;80(5):342-9. doi: 10.1272/jnms.80.342.
Preoperative ingestion of only clear fluids until 2 hours before induction of anesthesia is a common preoperative fasting regimen. Gastric emptying times, however, vary among clear fluids. We therefore investigated the gastric emptying of 2 clear glucose-electrolyte drinks.
A 2-way crossover study was performed in 10 healthy volunteers. After fasting, the volunteers drank 500 mL of either OS-1(®), an oral rehydration solution, or Pocari Sweat(®), a popular sports drink, over 3 minutes in a standing position. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before, immediately after, and 30 minutes after the drinking of each test fluid. The difference in gastric emptying between OS-1(®) and Pocari Sweat(®) was evaluated by comparing gastric fluid volume, flow rate, and residual ratio. We also compared the flow rates of sodium, potassium, carbohydrates, and osmotically active particles in the 2 test fluids.
Gastric fluid volume 30 minutes after drinking was significantly smaller for OS-1(®) (76.0 ± 57.0 mL) than for Pocari Sweat(®) (158.1 ± 73.5 mL, p<0.01), although the volumes did not differ before or immediately after drinking. The flow rate was significantly faster for OS-1(®) (10.66 ± 3.34 mL) than for Pocari Sweat(®) (8.68 ± 3.02 mL/min, p<0.05), and the residual ratio was significantly smaller for OS-1(®) (21 ± 14% than for Pocari Sweat(®) (41 ± 19%, p<0.01). The flow rates of sodium, potassium, and glucose differed significantly between OS-1(®) and Pocari Sweat(®), whereas the flow rate of osmotically active particles did not.
Gastric emptying is significantly faster for OS-1(®) than for Pocari Sweat(®).
术前直至麻醉诱导前2小时仅摄入清亮液体是一种常见的术前禁食方案。然而，不同清亮液体的胃排空时间有所不同。因此，我们研究了两种清亮葡萄糖电解质饮料的胃排空情况。
对10名健康志愿者进行了一项双交叉研究。禁食后，志愿者站立位在3分钟内饮用500 mL的口服补液溶液OS-1(®)或广受欢迎的运动饮料宝矿力水特(®)。在饮用每种测试液体之前、之后立即以及之后30分钟进行磁共振成像。通过比较胃液体积、流速和残留率来评估OS-1(®)和宝矿力水特(®)之间的胃排空差异。我们还比较了两种测试液体中钠、钾、碳水化合物和渗透活性颗粒的流速。
饮用后30分钟，OS-1(®)的胃液体积（76.0±57.0 mL）显著小于宝矿力水特(®)（158.1±73.5 mL，p<0.01），尽管饮用前和饮用后立即的体积没有差异。OS-1(®)的流速（10.66±3.34 mL）显著快于宝矿力水特(®)（8.68±3.02 mL/分钟，p<0.05），OS-1(®)的残留率（21±14%）显著小于宝矿力水特(®)（41±19%，p<0.01）。OS-1(®)和宝矿力水特(®)之间钠、钾和葡萄糖的流速有显著差异，而渗透活性颗粒的流速没有差异。
OS-1(®)的胃排空明显快于宝矿力水特(®)。
