Alzaman Naweed, Wartak Siddharth A, Friderici Jennifer, Rothberg Michael B
From the Division of General Medicine and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, and the Montefiore Medical Center, Weiler Division, New York, New York.
South Med J. 2013 Nov;106(11):606-9. doi: 10.1097/SMJ.0000000000000013.
In 2010, the American Heart Association unveiled a strategic plan to reduce cardiovascular deaths by targeting seven components of ideal cardiovascular health. Although education is a sensible first step, it is not known whether awareness correlates with healthy behavior. The objective of the study was to examine the association between awareness of risk factors and ideal cardiovascular health behavior.
We surveyed patients 40 years and older at five ambulatory clinics. The survey measured demographics, health management behaviors, comorbidities, and awareness of five modifiable cardiac risk factors (smoking, obesity, high cholesterol, hypertension and diabetes mellitus) and one protective factor (exercise). Healthy behavior was defined as follows: diabetes, hemoglobin A1c <8.0%; hypertension, systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg), high cholesterol, medication adherence; obesity, attempting to lose weight; smoking, abstinence; and exercise, ≥ 30 minutes/day, ≥ 3 times per week.
For five modifiable risk factors, awareness was positively associated with healthy behavior in multivariable models: obesity, hypertension, exercise, cholesterol, and diabetes. Awareness was inversely associated with smoking abstention.
Awareness that a specific factor increases the risk for cardiovascular disease was positively associated with healthy behavior regarding most risk factors; however, the association was modest, suggesting that awareness alone does not motivate behavior.
2010年，美国心脏协会公布了一项战略计划，旨在通过针对理想心血管健康的七个要素来降低心血管疾病死亡率。尽管教育是明智的第一步，但尚不清楚知晓程度是否与健康行为相关。本研究的目的是检验危险因素知晓程度与理想心血管健康行为之间的关联。
我们在五家门诊诊所对40岁及以上的患者进行了调查。该调查测量了人口统计学信息、健康管理行为、合并症，以及对五个可改变的心脏危险因素（吸烟、肥胖、高胆固醇、高血压和糖尿病）和一个保护因素（运动）的知晓情况。健康行为的定义如下：糖尿病，糖化血红蛋白<8.0%；高血压，收缩压<140 mmHg；高胆固醇，坚持服药；肥胖，尝试减肥；吸烟，戒烟；运动，每天≥30分钟，每周≥3次。
在多变量模型中，对于五个可改变的危险因素，知晓程度与健康行为呈正相关：肥胖、高血压、运动、胆固醇和糖尿病。知晓程度与戒烟呈负相关。
意识到特定因素会增加心血管疾病风险与针对大多数危险因素的健康行为呈正相关；然而，这种关联程度适中，表明仅靠知晓并不能促进行为改变。
