Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013 Nov 4;10(11):5750-80. doi: 10.3390/ijerph10115750.
The emergence and evolution of socioeconomic inequalities in health involves multiple factors interacting with each other at different levels. Simulation models are suitable for studying such complex and dynamic systems and have the ability to test the impact of policy interventions in silico.
To explore how simulation models were used in the field of socioeconomic inequalities in health.
An electronic search of studies assessing socioeconomic inequalities in health using a simulation model was conducted. Characteristics of the simulation models were extracted and distinct simulation approaches were identified. As an illustration, a simple agent-based model of the emergence of socioeconomic differences in alcohol abuse was developed.
We found 61 studies published between 1989 and 2013. Ten different simulation approaches were identified. The agent-based model illustration showed that multilevel, reciprocal and indirect effects of social determinants on health can be modeled flexibly.
Based on the review, we discuss the utility of using simulation models for studying health inequalities, and refer to good modeling practices for developing such models. The review and the simulation model example suggest that the use of simulation models may enhance the understanding and debate about existing and new socioeconomic inequalities of health frameworks.
健康领域中社会经济不平等现象的出现和演变涉及多个因素，这些因素在不同层面上相互作用。模拟模型适用于研究这种复杂和动态的系统，并且能够在虚拟环境中测试政策干预的影响。
探索模拟模型在健康领域中的社会经济不平等研究中的应用。
对使用模拟模型评估健康领域社会经济不平等的研究进行了电子检索。提取了模拟模型的特征，并确定了不同的模拟方法。作为说明，我们开发了一个简单的基于代理的酒精滥用社会经济差异出现的模型。
我们发现了 1989 年至 2013 年间发表的 61 项研究。确定了 10 种不同的模拟方法。基于代理的模型说明了社会决定因素对健康的多层次、相互和间接影响可以灵活建模。
基于综述，我们讨论了使用模拟模型研究健康不平等的效用，并提到了开发此类模型的良好建模实践。综述和模拟模型示例表明，使用模拟模型可以增强对现有和新的健康社会经济不平等框架的理解和讨论。
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