Australian Collection of Antarctic Microorganisms, Department of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Box 252C, 7000, Hobart, Tasmania.
Microb Ecol. 1990 Jan;19(1):73-95. doi: 10.1007/BF02015055.
Phospholipid analyses were performed on water column particulate and sediment samples from Ace Lake, a meromictic lake in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica, to estimate the viable microbial biomass and community structure in the lake. In the water column, methanogenic bacterial phospholipids were present below 17 m in depth at concentrations which converted to a biomass of between 1 and 7×10(8) cells/liter. Methanogenic biomass in the sediment ranged from 17.7×10(9) cells/g dry weight of sediment at the surface to 0.1×10(9) cells/g dry weight at 2 m in depth. This relatively high methanogenic biomass implies that current microbial degradation of organic carbon in Ace Lake sediments may occur at extremely slow rates. Total microbial biomass increased from 4.4×10(8) cells/ liter at 2 m in depth to 19.4×10(8) cells/liter at 23 m, near the bottom of the water column. Total nonarchaebacterial biomass decreased from 4.2 ×10(9) cells/g dry weight in the surface sediment (1/4 the biomass of methanogens) to 0.06×10(8) cells/g dry weight at 2 m in depth in the sediment. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles showed that microeukaryotes were the major microbial group present in the oxylimnion of the lake, while bacteria dominated the lower, anoxic zone. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) comprised 25% of the microbial population at 23 m in depth in the water column particulates and were present in the surface sediment but to a lesser extent. Biomass estimates and community structure of the Ace Lake eco-system are discussed in relation to previously measured metabolic rates for this and other antarctic and temperate ecosystems. This is the first instance, to our knowledge, in which the viable biomass of methanogenic and SRB have been estimated for an antarctic microbial community.
对来自南极洲沃斯托克山脉的分层湖埃克湖的水柱颗粒和沉积物样本进行了磷脂分析，以估计湖中微生物生物量和群落结构的活性。在水柱中，产甲烷菌的磷脂存在于 17 米以下的深度，浓度换算为每升 1 到 7×10(8)个细胞的生物量。沉积物中的产甲烷生物量从表面的 17.7×10(9)个细胞/克干重沉积物到 2 米深处的 0.1×10(9)个细胞/克干重沉积物不等。这种相对较高的产甲烷生物量意味着当前埃克湖沉积物中有机碳的微生物降解可能以极慢的速度发生。总微生物生物量从 2 米深处的 4.4×10(8)个细胞/升增加到水柱底部附近的 23 米深处的 19.4×10(8)个细胞/升。总非古菌生物量从表面沉积物中的 4.2×10(9)个细胞/克干重（产甲烷菌生物量的 1/4）减少到 2 米深处沉积物中的 0.06×10(8)个细胞/克干重。磷脂脂肪酸谱表明，微真核生物是湖泊氧化层中存在的主要微生物群，而细菌则主导着缺氧的下层。硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）在水柱颗粒的 23 米深处占微生物种群的 25%，并且存在于表面沉积物中，但程度较小。根据我们的知识，这是首次对南极微生物群落的产甲烷菌和 SRB 的可培养生物量进行估计，并讨论了埃克湖生态系统的生物量估计和群落结构与之前对该湖和其他南极和温带生态系统的代谢率的测量结果。
