Mooney Ingrid, Lamotte James
Eye Design, Santa Fe, NM, USA.
Stem Cells Cloning. 2010 Dec 22;4:1-10. doi: 10.2147/SCCAA.S7674.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating retinal disease that occurs in later life as the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells die, with subsequent photoreceptor degeneration. In the past, RPE transplant surgeries gave evidence that AMD was potentially treatable, but it involved limited amounts of ocular tissue, and the complication rate was high. Then, stem cell transplants offered an unlimited supply of retinal precursors for endogenous repair and exogenous cell replacement. Debate continues as to which type of stem cell is most appropriate for treating AMD. The prospects include adult-derived progenitor stem cells (including progenitor cells from ocular tissues), hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Now the therapy is expanding into phase I human trials. This review examines the collective research contributions toward a clinical model of AMD management with stem cells.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是一种严重的视网膜疾病，发生于晚年，随着视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞死亡，继而出现光感受器变性。过去，RPE移植手术证明AMD具有潜在可治性，但该手术涉及的眼组织量有限，且并发症发生率高。随后，干细胞移植为内源性修复和外源性细胞替代提供了无限的视网膜前体细胞来源。关于哪种类型的干细胞最适合治疗AMD的争论仍在继续。这些前景包括成人来源的祖干细胞（包括来自眼组织的祖细胞）、造血干细胞、胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞。目前该疗法正在扩展到I期人体试验。本综述探讨了对使用干细胞治疗AMD临床模型的相关研究贡献。
