Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2013 Oct 25;8(10):e78904. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078904. eCollection 2013.
Illness appraisals provide important context to help understand the way individuals cope with chronic illness. In the present study, a qualitative approach to the analysis of HIV diagnosis experience narratives in a sample of 100 people newly diagnosed with HIV revealed five groups that differed in their initial illness appraisals: HIV as Chronic Illness, Concern about Dying, Stigmatization, Threat to Identity, and Other Threats Overshadow HIV. When compared on quantitatively measured depressive mood, the groups differed on level and trajectory over the course of the first year post-diagnosis. Although the experience of living with HIV has changed significantly with the advent of effective Antiretroviral Therapies (ART), there were a number of similarities between the appraisals of this group of participants who were diagnosed post ART and groups who were diagnosed before ART became widely available. Posttest counselors and other HIV service providers should take individual differences in illness appraisals into account in order to help newly HIV-positive clients manage their healthcare and cope adaptively with their diagnosis.
疾病评估提供了重要的背景信息，有助于理解个体如何应对慢性疾病。在本研究中，对新诊断出 HIV 的 100 名患者的 HIV 诊断体验叙述进行了定性分析，结果揭示了五个在最初疾病评估上存在差异的群体：HIV 即慢性病、对死亡的担忧、污名化、身份威胁和其他威胁掩盖了 HIV。在对定量测量的抑郁情绪进行比较时，这些群体在诊断后第一年的水平和轨迹上存在差异。尽管随着有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的出现，HIV 的生存状况发生了显著变化，但在接受 ART 治疗前后诊断出 HIV 的这组参与者的评估中存在许多相似之处。事后咨询师和其他 HIV 服务提供者应该考虑到疾病评估中的个体差异，以帮助新诊断出 HIV 的患者管理他们的医疗保健，并适应他们的诊断。
