Olsen Anna, Wallace Jack, Maher Lisa
The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, Latrobe University, 215 Franklin Street, Melbourne, Vic. 3000, Australia.
Aust J Prim Health. 2014;20(2):134-42. doi: 10.1071/PY12162.
The Australian National Hepatitis B Strategy 2010-13 outlines five priority areas for developing a comprehensive response to the hepatitis B virus (HBV): building partnerships and strengthening community action; preventing HBV transmission; optimising diagnosis and screening; clinical management of people with chronic hepatitis B (CHB); and developing health maintenance, care and support for people with HBV. A scoping study was used to map the main sources and types of evidence available on the epidemiology and natural history of HBV among Indigenous Australians as well as public health responses published since 2001 (January 2001-May 2013). Gaps in current knowledge were identified. While the literature documents the success of universal infant immunisation and indicates the potential for screening initiatives to identify infected and susceptible individuals, prevalence of CHB and hepatocellular cancer remain high in Indigenous Australians. Significant gaps in knowledge and practice were identified in relation to each of the five National Hepatitis B Strategy priority action areas. Successful implementation of the strategy in Indigenous communities and reducing the burden of HBV and hepatocellular cancer in Indigenous Australians will require increased investment in research and knowledge transfer across all priority areas.
《2010 - 2013年澳大利亚国家乙肝战略》概述了应对乙肝病毒（HBV）的综合措施的五个优先领域：建立伙伴关系并加强社区行动；预防HBV传播；优化诊断和筛查；慢性乙肝（CHB）患者的临床管理；以及为HBV感染者提供健康维护、护理和支持。一项范围界定研究用于梳理自2001年（2001年1月至2013年5月）以来有关澳大利亚原住民中HBV流行病学和自然史的主要证据来源及类型，以及已发表的公共卫生应对措施。明确了当前知识方面的差距。虽然文献记载了全民婴儿免疫接种的成功，并表明筛查举措有潜力识别感染者和易感个体，但澳大利亚原住民中CHB和肝细胞癌的患病率仍然很高。在国家乙肝战略的五个优先行动领域中的每一个方面，都发现了知识和实践方面的重大差距。要在原住民社区成功实施该战略并减轻澳大利亚原住民中HBV和肝细胞癌的负担，就需要在所有优先领域增加对研究和知识转移的投入。
