Arnould J M
Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1985 Nov;93(4):351-61. doi: 10.3109/13813458509079616.
Carcinine was biosynthesized by Carcinus maenas from [14C]beta-alanine, [14C] histidine and [14C] histamine. Since carnosine (beta-alanyl-histidine) could not be detected in crab tissues, biosynthesis of carcinine could only be effected by direct coupling of beta-alanine and histamine resulting from histidine decarboxylation. Biosynthesis of carcinine was weak when [14C]beta-alanine and [14C] histidine were used as precursors. On the contrary when [14C] histamine was used, synthesis was important. Thus carcinine appears to be a product of histamine catabolism. After injecting [14C] histamine, radioactive carcinine was concentrated mainly in the heart and nervous system; nonmetabolized [14C] histamine was recovered mainly in the latter. The nervous system might therefore be the seat of carcinine biosynthesis and thus the site of action of histamine.
肉肌肽由海蟹从[14C]β-丙氨酸、[14C]组氨酸和[14C]组胺生物合成。由于在蟹组织中未检测到肌肽（β-丙氨酰组氨酸），肉肌肽的生物合成只能通过组氨酸脱羧产生的β-丙氨酸和组胺直接偶联来实现。当使用[14C]β-丙氨酸和[14C]组氨酸作为前体时，肉肌肽的生物合成较弱。相反，当使用[14C]组胺时，合成很重要。因此，肉肌肽似乎是组胺分解代谢的产物。注射[14C]组胺后，放射性肉肌肽主要集中在心脏和神经系统；未代谢的[14C]组胺主要在后一种组织中回收。因此，神经系统可能是肉肌肽生物合成的场所，也是组胺的作用部位。
