Fonseca B M, Correia-da-Silva G, Almada M, Costa M A, Teixeira N A
Biologia da Inflamação e Reprodução, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Rua do Campo Alegre No. 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal ; Laboratório de Bioquímica, Departamento Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Ciências Biológicas Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:510540. doi: 10.1155/2013/510540. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
Although the detrimental effects of cannabis consumption during gestation are known for years, the vast majority of studies established a link between cannabis consumption and foetal development. The complex maternal-foetal interrelationships within the placental bed are essential for normal pregnancy, and decidua definitively contributes to the success of this process. Nevertheless, the molecular signalling network that coordinates strategies for successful decidualization and placentation are not well understood. The discovery of the endocannabinoid system highlighted new signalling mediators in various physiological processes, including reproduction. It is known that endocannabinoids present regulatory functions during blastocyst development, oviductal transport, and implantation. In addition, all the endocannabinoid machinery was found to be expressed in decidual and placental tissues. Additionally, endocannabinoid's plasmatic levels were found to fluctuate during normal gestation and to induce decidual cell death and disturb normal placental development. Moreover, aberrant endocannabinoid signalling during the period of placental development has been associated with pregnancy disorders. It indicates the existence of a possible regulatory role for these molecules during decidualization and placentation processes, which are known to be particularly vulnerable. In this review, the influence of the endocannabinoid system in these critical processes is explored and discussed.
尽管妊娠期吸食大麻的有害影响已为人所知多年，但绝大多数研究都确立了大麻吸食与胎儿发育之间的联系。胎盘床内复杂的母胎相互关系对正常妊娠至关重要，蜕膜对这一过程的成功起着决定性作用。然而，协调成功蜕膜化和胎盘形成策略的分子信号网络尚未得到很好的理解。内源性大麻素系统的发现突出了各种生理过程（包括生殖过程）中的新信号介质。已知内源性大麻素在囊胚发育、输卵管运输和着床过程中具有调节功能。此外，发现所有内源性大麻素机制都在蜕膜和胎盘组织中表达。此外，发现内源性大麻素的血浆水平在正常妊娠期间会波动，并诱导蜕膜细胞死亡和干扰正常胎盘发育。此外，胎盘发育期间内源性大麻素信号异常与妊娠疾病有关。这表明这些分子在蜕膜化和胎盘形成过程中可能存在调节作用，而这些过程已知特别容易受到影响。在这篇综述中，探讨并讨论了内源性大麻素系统在这些关键过程中的影响。
