a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada.
Genome. 2013 Oct;56(10):592-8. doi: 10.1139/gen-2013-0082. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
Genetic variation in Gir cattle (Bos indicus) has so far not been well characterized. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing of three Gir bulls and a pooled sample from another 11 bulls to identify polymorphisms and loci under selection. A total of 9 990 733 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 604 308 insertion/deletions (indels) were discovered in Gir samples, of which 62.34% and 83.62%, respectively, are previously unknown. Moreover, we detected 79 putative selective sweeps using the sequence data of the pooled sample. One of the most striking sweeps harbours several genes belonging to the cathelicidin gene family, such as CAMP, CATHL1, CATHL2, and CATHL3, which are related to pathogen- and parasite-resistance. Another interesting region harbours genes encoding mitogen-activated protein kinases, which are involved in directing cellular responses to a variety of stimuli, such as osmotic stress and heat shock. These findings are particularly interesting because Gir is resistant to hot temperatures and tropical diseases. This initial selective sweep analysis of Gir cattle has revealed a number of loci that could be important for their adaptation to tropical climates.
迄今为止，冈比亚牛（Bos indicus）的遗传变异尚未得到很好的描述。在这项研究中，我们使用了三头冈比亚公牛的全基因组测序和来自另外 11 头公牛的混合样本，以鉴定多态性和受选择的基因座。在冈比亚牛样本中发现了 9990733 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和 604308 个插入/缺失（indel），分别有 62.34%和 83.62%是之前未知的。此外，我们使用混合样本的序列数据检测到了 79 个可能的选择清除。其中一个最引人注目的清除区域包含了几个属于防御素基因家族的基因，如 CAMP、CATHL1、CATHL2 和 CATHL3，它们与病原体和寄生虫的抗性有关。另一个有趣的区域包含了编码丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的基因，这些基因参与指导细胞对各种刺激（如渗透压应激和热休克）的反应。这些发现尤其有趣，因为冈比亚牛能耐受高温和热带疾病。对冈比亚牛的初步选择清除分析揭示了一些可能对其适应热带气候很重要的基因座。
