Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT - CNPq), Rua José Higino, 164, 30220520202 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT - CNPq), Rua José Higino, 164, 30220520202 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Compr Psychiatry. 2014 Feb;55(2):374-9. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.003. Epub 2013 Nov 14.
Driving phobia is associated with serious consequences such as restriction of freedom, career impairments and social embarrassment. The main objective of this paper is to compare clinical characteristics and quality of life between women with driving phobia and women without this phobia. These factors were assessed using structured interviews, semi-structured questionnaires, scales and inventories. We accessed diagnoses, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, anxiety traits, driving cognitions and quality of life. There was no difference between groups with regard to demographic data and driving history. Both groups were also equivalent in the number of traumatic events and accidents experienced while driving or riding. The fear of driving group showed higher state and trait anxiety scores. A high frequency of cognitive distortions can explain why people with driving phobia often engage in maladaptive safety behaviors in an attempt to protect themselves from unpredicted dangers when driving. Regarding quality of life, the control group had slightly higher scores on all subscales, but significant differences were observed for only three scales: "functional capacity", "social aspects", and "mental health". More studies with larger samples more instruments and other contexts are needed to further investigate the clinical characteristics and personality traits of people who have a fear of driving.
驾驶恐惧症与严重后果相关，例如限制自由、职业损害和社交尴尬。本文的主要目的是比较有驾驶恐惧症的女性和没有这种恐惧症的女性的临床特征和生活质量。这些因素通过结构访谈、半结构化问卷、量表和调查问卷进行评估。我们评估了诊断、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、焦虑特质、驾驶认知和生活质量。两组在人口统计学数据和驾驶史方面没有差异。两组在驾驶或乘车时经历的创伤事件和事故数量也相同。害怕驾驶组表现出更高的状态和特质焦虑评分。认知扭曲的高频度可以解释为什么有驾驶恐惧症的人在驾驶时经常采取适应不良的安全行为，试图保护自己免受意外危险。关于生活质量，对照组在所有子量表上的得分略高，但只有三个量表观察到显著差异：“功能能力”、“社会方面”和“心理健康”。需要更多的研究，包括更大的样本量、更多的工具和其他环境，以进一步研究有驾驶恐惧症的人的临床特征和人格特质。
