基本运动学信息、运动经验以及对他人的可供性感知。
Essential kinematic information, athletic experience, and affordance perception for others.
作者信息
Weast Julie A, Walton Ashley, Chandler Braylen C, Shockley Kevin, Riley Michael A
机构信息
Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, ML 0376, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0376, USA,
出版信息
Psychon Bull Rev. 2014 Jun;21(3):823-9. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0539-4.
The present study investigated the role of different types of movement in affordance perception, as well as the influence of sports experience. Perception of another actor's maximum vertical jumping height and horizontal long-jumping distance was evaluated for basketball players, soccer players, and nonplayer controls after viewing point-light representations of the actors' movements. Perceptual reports were more accurate after jumping-related movements (walking and squatting) were viewed than after nonrelated movements (standing and twisting). Vertical jump reports were more accurate than horizontal jump reports. Basketball and soccer players demonstrated higher accuracy than did controls. This research establishes that point-light displays contain essential kinematic information sufficient to support accurate affordance perception, and athletes appear better attuned to kinematic information specifying affordances for others as a result of their sports experience.
本研究调查了不同类型的运动在可供性感知中的作用，以及运动经验的影响。在观看了演员动作的点光表示后，对篮球运动员、足球运动员和非运动员对照组评估了对另一名演员最大垂直跳跃高度和水平跳远距离的感知。与观看非相关动作（站立和扭转）相比，观看与跳跃相关的动作（行走和下蹲）后，感知报告更准确。垂直跳跃报告比水平跳跃报告更准确。篮球和足球运动员的准确性高于对照组。这项研究表明，点光显示包含足以支持准确可供性感知的基本运动学信息，并且由于运动经验，运动员似乎更能适应为他人指定可供性的运动学信息。
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