Plant Breeding Institute, CB2 2LQ, Trumpington, Cambridge, UK.
Theor Appl Genet. 1985 Dec;71(3):518-26. doi: 10.1007/BF00251199.
Chromosome 5A of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum carries the major gene, Vrnl, which is one of the main determinants of the winter/spring growth habit polymorphism in this species. Genetical analysis of this chromosome has been carried out using single-chromosome recombinant lines to establish the pleiotropic effects of this locus and two other major genes, q determining ear morphology and bl determining the presence of awns, on important agronomic characters. The three major genes were located on the long arm of chromosome 5A with a gene order of: centromere -bl-q-Vrnl. Analysis of quantitative characters from a winter sowing revealed pleiotropic effects of Vrnl or the effects of closely linked loci on the characters plant height, tiller number and spikelet number. However effects on ear emergence time were not associated with Vrnl but with q as were effects on spikelet number and ear length. In addition a locus determining yield/plant was located between Vrnl and q. Independant loci determining height and ear length were apparent on the short arm of chromosome 5A. From a spring sowing, however, there was a large pleiotropic effect of Vrnl on ear emergence time, as well as the effects previously detected. In addition, associated with q were effects on plant height and grain size which were not expressed from the winter sowing.
小麦 5A 染色体携带主要基因 Vrn1，该基因是控制该物种冬春生长习性多态性的主要决定因素之一。利用单染色体重组系对该染色体进行了遗传分析，以确定该基因座和另外两个主要基因 q（决定耳形态）和 bl（决定有无芒）对重要农艺性状的多效性。这三个主要基因位于 5A 染色体的长臂上，基因顺序为：着丝粒-bl-q-Vrn1。对冬季播种的数量性状进行分析表明，Vrn1 或紧密连锁基因座对株高、分蘖数和小穗数的影响是多效性的。然而，穗出现时间的影响与 Vrn1 无关，而是与 q 有关，与小穗数和穗长有关。此外，在 Vrn1 和 q 之间还有一个决定产量/株的基因座。决定株高和穗长的独立基因座显然位于 5A 染色体的短臂上。然而，从春季播种来看，Vrn1 对穗出现时间有很大的多效性影响，以及以前检测到的影响。此外，与 q 相关的还有对株高和粒大小的影响，这些影响在冬季播种时没有表现出来。
