Laguna María, Ruiz Jonatan R, Gallardo Cristian, García-Pastor Teresa, Lara María-Teresa, Aznar Susana
PAFS-UCLM Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2013 Nov;49(11):942-949. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12442.
The aim of this study is to measure objectively and accurately the physical activity (PA) patterns in Spanish children and adolescents according to their obesity status, gender and age groups.
A sample of 487 children and 274 adolescents from the European Youth Heart Study participated in the study. The variables measured were anthropometric characteristics (height, weight and body mass index), and PA was measured during 6 consecutive days using the GT1M accelerometer.
Three-way analysis of variance (age × gender × obesity status) showed significant differences in the interaction effect in age, gender and obesity status (normal-weight and overweight/obesity) for mean of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (P = 0.02) and vigorous PA (VPA) (P = 0.014) within the sample. Nine-year-old normal-weight children achieved significantly (P < 0.05) more MVPA on weekdays than 9-year-old overweight/obesity children. During weekend days, all sample achieved significant more MVPA (P < 0.01) and significant more VPA (P < 0.05) than during weekdays. Few children (37.5% of 9-year-old normal-weight and 34.0% of 9-year-old overweight/obese) and adolescents (16.4% and 27.3% normal-weight and overweight/obese, respectively) met the current health-related recommendations of 60 min of MVPA daily.
It is clear that activity levels are insufficient for all children, in particular overweight/obese children and adolescents, although the precise nature of the relationship appears to differ between boys and girls.
本研究旨在根据西班牙儿童和青少年的肥胖状况、性别和年龄组，客观准确地测量其身体活动（PA）模式。
欧洲青少年心脏研究中的487名儿童和274名青少年参与了本研究。测量的变量包括人体测量学特征（身高、体重和体重指数），并使用GT1M加速度计连续6天测量PA。
三因素方差分析（年龄×性别×肥胖状况）显示，样本中中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）均值（P = 0.02）和剧烈身体活动（VPA）均值（P = 0.014）在年龄、性别和肥胖状况（正常体重和超重/肥胖）的交互作用上存在显著差异。9岁正常体重儿童在工作日的MVPA显著（P < 0.05）多于9岁超重/肥胖儿童。在周末，所有样本的MVPA显著更多（P < 0.01），VPA也显著更多（P < 0.05）。很少有儿童（9岁正常体重儿童中的37.5%和9岁超重/肥胖儿童中的34.0%）和青少年（正常体重和超重/肥胖青少年分别为16.4%和27.3%）达到目前每天60分钟MVPA的健康相关建议。
显然，所有儿童的活动水平都不足，尤其是超重/肥胖的儿童和青少年，尽管这种关系的确切性质在男孩和女孩之间似乎有所不同。
