Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2014 Feb;63:37-40. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.10.021. Epub 2013 Oct 30.
Child passenger restraint systems have been found to greatly reduce the risk of injury and death among child passengers. However, nearly half of the children who died in 2009 as a result of motor vehicle crashes were completely unrestrained. Our global hypothesis is that parents and other caregivers failed to restrain children due to a lack of child passenger seat education and practice. In this report, we postulate that a car seat class will improve the basic understanding of child passenger safety. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a car seat class in increasing parental knowledge about child passenger safety.
Car seat classes were held at a Level 1 pediatric trauma center every other Tuesday for ten months. The curriculum consisted of: child passenger safety laws discussion, a 21-min video on the use of child safety seats followed by a 15-min discussion about the video, 15min of discussing the different types of car seats, and hands-on training on how to properly install and use child restraints. Free car seats were provided to eligible parents. The pre-test was administered at the beginning of class and the post-test at the end of the class. McNemar's test and a paired t-test were used to compare pre- and post-test scores. Test scores were also stratified by language spoken.
Forty-four classes were held and a total of 491 parents/caregivers attended the classes. An increase in knowledge was found for all survey questions. Mean knowledge score for the post-test was 3.10 points higher compared to the mean knowledge score from the pre-test. Mean difference in knowledge scores for English-speaking participants were higher than Spanish-speaking participants.
Lack of knowledge and low risk perception have frequently been cited as barriers for the use of child passenger restraints. Our intervention attempted to eliminate these barriers. We found that this intervention was effective at increasing parental knowledge about child passenger safety. The results of this study may be used to design and implement future interventions in multicultural settings.
儿童乘客约束系统已被证明可大大降低儿童乘客受伤和死亡的风险。然而，2009 年因机动车事故而死亡的儿童中，近一半的儿童完全没有被约束。我们的全球假设是，由于缺乏儿童乘客座椅教育和实践，父母和其他照顾者未能约束儿童。在本报告中，我们假设汽车座椅课程将提高对儿童乘客安全的基本理解。本研究的目的是评估汽车座椅课程在提高父母对儿童乘客安全的认识方面的有效性。
每隔一个星期二，在一级儿科创伤中心举办汽车座椅课程，为期十个月。课程内容包括：儿童乘客安全法讨论、时长 21 分钟的儿童安全座椅使用视频，随后进行 15 分钟的视频讨论、15 分钟讨论不同类型的汽车座椅，以及如何正确安装和使用儿童约束装置的实践培训。符合条件的父母可免费获得汽车座椅。在课程开始时进行前测，在课程结束时进行后测。采用 McNemar 检验和配对 t 检验比较前后测得分。按语言进行分层比较测试分数。
共举办了 44 个课程，共有 491 名父母/照顾者参加了课程。所有调查问题的知识水平都有所提高。与前测相比，后测的知识得分平均高出 3.10 分。英语使用者的知识得分平均差异高于西班牙语使用者。
缺乏知识和低风险认知经常被认为是使用儿童乘客约束装置的障碍。我们的干预措施试图消除这些障碍。我们发现，这种干预措施在提高父母对儿童乘客安全的认识方面非常有效。这项研究的结果可用于设计和实施在多元文化环境中的未来干预措施。
