Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Inj Prev. 2020 Feb;26(1):18-23. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042989. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
Use of seat belts and car seats for children are among the most effective interventions to reduce injury severity when a crash occurs. The use should be enforced in order to have an increase in wearing these restraints. Romania has the lowest rate of using seatbelts in the backseat, 16%. The purpose of the study is to describe the use of child safety restraints and compare it with existing standards of good practice.
An observational study on child safety restraint was conducted in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between 2013 and 2014. Observational sites included 38 schools and kindergartens and three commercial areas, where drivers (n=768) and child passengers (n=892) were observed. Observations were conducted as vehicles parked or pulled to a stop and were followed by driver surveys on knowledge and attitudes towards restraint legislation and child safety behaviour as car occupants.
The proportion of observed child motor vehicle occupants wearing some type of restraint was 67.4% (n=601). The majority of children (82.6%) were in the back seat, and 14.2% of infants were in a rear-facing child seat. The proportion of restrained children declined with age, with children 5 years old or younger being almost five times more likely to be properly restrained (OR 4.87, 95% CI 2.93 to 8.07) when compared with older children.
Although minimum legal requirements of child motor vehicle occupant safety were in place in Romania at the time of the study, the rates of using children restraints was low compared with other middle-income and high-income countries.
在发生碰撞时，使用儿童汽车座椅和安全带是减少受伤严重程度的最有效干预措施之一。为了增加这些约束装置的使用，应强制使用。罗马尼亚在后座使用安全带的比例最低，为 16%。本研究的目的是描述儿童安全约束装置的使用情况，并将其与现有的良好实践标准进行比较。
2013 年至 2014 年在罗马尼亚的克卢日-纳波卡进行了一项关于儿童安全约束装置的观察性研究。观察点包括 38 所学校和幼儿园以及三个商业区，观察了司机（n=768）和儿童乘客（n=892）。观察在车辆停车或停稳时进行，并对司机进行了关于约束立法和儿童安全行为的知识和态度的调查，作为车内乘客。
观察到的机动车儿童乘客佩戴某种约束装置的比例为 67.4%（n=601）。大多数儿童（82.6%）在后座，14.2%的婴儿使用后向式儿童座椅。约束儿童的比例随着年龄的增长而下降，5 岁或以下的儿童被正确约束的可能性是年龄较大儿童的近五倍（OR 4.87，95%CI 2.93 至 8.07）。
尽管在研究时罗马尼亚已经有了儿童机动车乘客安全的最低法律要求，但与其他中高收入国家相比，儿童约束装置的使用率仍然很低。
