1967-2011 年芬兰 ferrochromium 和不锈钢生产工人的癌症发病率：一项队列研究。
Cancer incidence among Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel production workers in 1967-2011: a cohort study.
机构信息
Occupational Health, Outokumpu Oyj, Espoo, Finland.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2013 Nov 19;3(11):e003819. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003819.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to assess the risk of cancer among workers employed in the Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel industry since the beginning of production in 1967.
METHODS
The study cohort was made up of all persons employed by the Finnish stainless steel production chain from chromite mining to cold rolling of stainless steel during the period 1967-2004, and it was divided into subcohorts by production units with specific exposure patterns of the subcohorts assessed in previous studies. Follow-up for cancer through the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry was performed using the personal identity code as key. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated as the ratios of observed numbers of cancer cases and numbers expected on the basis of incidence rates in the population of the same region.
RESULTS
The overall cancer incidence was at the expected level. The lung cancer risk was decreased in the whole cohort (SIR 0.79; 95% CI 0.65 to 1.08). The incidence of prostate cancer was significantly increased (1.31; 1.05 to 1.61) and that for kidney cancer was significantly decreased (0.38; 0.14 to 0.82). None of the department-specific SIRs for lung cancer were significantly different from 1.0. No cancers of the nose and nasal sinuses were observed among workers in the ferrochromium smelter or the stainless steel melting shop.
CONCLUSIONS
It is not likely that the occupational exposures in the Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel industry would have increased the risk of cancer.
目的
本研究旨在评估自 1967 年开始生产以来，从事芬兰铬铁和不锈钢行业的工人罹患癌症的风险。
方法
该研究队列由 1967 年至 2004 年间从事芬兰不锈钢生产链（从铬矿开采到不锈钢冷轧）的所有人员组成，并根据之前研究中评估的特定暴露模式将其分为亚队列。通过芬兰癌症登记处的档案对癌症进行随访，使用个人身份代码作为关键。标准化发病比（SIR）计算为观察到的癌症病例数与同一地区人群发病率基础上预期的癌症病例数之比。
结果
总体癌症发病率处于预期水平。全队列肺癌风险降低（SIR 0.79；95%CI 0.65 至 1.08）。前列腺癌发病率显著升高（1.31；1.05 至 1.61），肾癌发病率显著降低（0.38；0.14 至 0.82）。各部门肺癌 SIR 均无显著高于 1.0。在铬铁冶炼厂或不锈钢熔炼车间工作的工人未观察到鼻和鼻旁窦癌症。
结论
芬兰铬铁和不锈钢行业的职业暴露不太可能增加癌症风险。
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