Huvinen M, Pukkala E
Outokumpu Oyj, PO Box 140, FI-02201 Espoo, Finland,
Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Unioninkatu 22, FI-00130 Helsinki, Finland, School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
Occup Med (Lond). 2016 Apr;66(3):241-6. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv197. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
Although stainless steel has been produced for more than a hundred years, exposure-related mortality data for production workers are limited.
To describe cause-specific mortality in Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel workers.
We studied Finnish stainless steel production chain workers employed between 1967 and 2004, from chromite mining to cold rolling of stainless steel, divided into sub-cohorts by production units with specific exposure patterns. We obtained causes of death for the years 1971-2012 from Statistics Finland. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) as ratios of observed and expected numbers of deaths based on population mortality rates of the same region.
Among 8088 workers studied, overall mortality was significantly decreased (SMR 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-0.84), largely due to low mortality from diseases of the circulatory system (SMR 0.71; 95% CI 0.61-0.81). In chromite mine, stainless steel melting shop and metallurgical laboratory workers, the SMR for circulatory disease was below 0.4 (SMR 0.33; 95% CI 0.07-0.95, SMR 0.22; 95% CI 0.05-0.65 and SMR 0.16; 95% CI 0.00-0.90, respectively). Mortality from accidents (SMR 0.84; 95% CI 0.67-1.04) and suicides (SMR 0.72; 95% CI 0.56-0.91) was also lower than in the reference population.
Working in the Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel industry appears not to be associated with increased mortality.
尽管不锈钢已经生产了一百多年，但生产工人与接触相关的死亡率数据有限。
描述芬兰铬铁和不锈钢工人的特定病因死亡率。
我们研究了1967年至2004年受雇于芬兰不锈钢生产链的工人，从铬铁矿开采到不锈钢冷轧，按具有特定接触模式的生产单位分为亚队列。我们从芬兰统计局获得了1971年至2012年的死亡原因。我们根据同一地区的人口死亡率计算标准化死亡率（SMR），即观察到的死亡人数与预期死亡人数之比。
在研究的8088名工人中，总体死亡率显著降低（SMR 0.77；95%置信区间[CI]0.70 - 0.84），主要是由于循环系统疾病死亡率较低（SMR 0.71；95%CI 0.61 - 0.81）。在铬铁矿、不锈钢熔炼车间和冶金实验室工人中，循环系统疾病的SMR低于0.4（分别为SMR 0.33；95%CI 0.07 - 0.95、SMR 0.22；95%CI 0.05 - 0.65和SMR 0.16；95%CI 0.00 - 0.90）。事故死亡率（SMR 0.84；95%CI 0.67 - 1.04）和自杀死亡率（SMR 0.72；95%CI 0.56 - 0.91）也低于参考人群。
在芬兰铬铁和不锈钢行业工作似乎与死亡率增加无关。
