Department of Plant Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
Theor Appl Genet. 1985 Jul;69(4):429-35. doi: 10.1007/BF00570913.
The effect of various chromosomes ofAegilops longissima when added to the common wheat cultivar 'Chinese Spring' was evaluated at two levels of nitrogen fertilization for absolute and relative amount of protein in the grain. All the added chromosomes ofAe. longissima increased protein percentage: protein increase by chromosomes D, C and A averaged 3.8% while that by chromosomes F, E, G and B averaged 1.7%. Addition lines F, D and C had a significantly higher protein weight per grain. On the other hand, lines A, E and G had reduced grain protein weight per grain as compared with that of 'Chinese Spring'. Line C carries the HMW glutenin and some of the gliadin subunits ofAe. longissima. The effect of this line, however, and obviously that of the other lines on protein content was through genes controlling the level of storage protein rather than through genes that code directly for these proteins. Nitrogen fertilization affected protein content and the relative amount of the various protein fractions in a similar manner in every addition line. When high levels of nitrogen fertilization were compared to low ones, the relative amount of the HMW glutenins remained constant while that of HMW gliadins increased and that of the LMW subunits decreased. In contrast to the nitrogen effect, increase in protein content by the addition oflongissima chromosomes did not change the relative amounts of the various protein fractions.
当将长穗偃麦草的不同染色体添加到普通小麦品种“中国春”中时，评估了在两种氮施肥水平下对谷物中蛋白质绝对和相对含量的影响。长穗偃麦草的所有添加染色体均增加了蛋白质百分比：染色体 D、C 和 A 的蛋白质增加平均为 3.8%，而染色体 F、E、G 和 B 的蛋白质增加平均为 1.7%。添加的 F、D 和 C 系具有更高的每粒蛋白质重量。另一方面，与“中国春”相比，A、E 和 G 系的每粒谷物蛋白质重量减少。C 系携带高分子量麦谷蛋白和长穗偃麦草的一些醇溶蛋白亚基。然而，该系以及其他系对蛋白质含量的影响是通过控制贮藏蛋白水平的基因而不是直接编码这些蛋白质的基因产生的。氮施肥以相似的方式影响每个添加系的蛋白质含量和各种蛋白质组分的相对含量。当将高氮施肥水平与低氮施肥水平进行比较时，高分子量麦谷蛋白的相对含量保持不变，而高分子量醇溶蛋白的相对含量增加，低分子量亚基的相对含量减少。与氮的影响相反，长穗偃麦草染色体的添加增加了蛋白质含量，但不会改变各种蛋白质组分的相对含量。
