Gühne Uta, Weinmann Stefan, Arnold Katrin, Becker Thomas, Riedel-Heller Steffi
Universität Leipzig, Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP).
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Berlin.
Psychiatr Prax. 2014 May;41(4):e1-e17. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1359873. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
To report about several approaches of social skills training and to evaluate the efficacy and key success factors in severely mentally ill adults.
Systematic electronic literature search for systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and assessment of the evidence.
A variety of models for skills training have been designed and evaluated. In addition to the "basic" model and a "problem-solving" model of training there are complex programs consisting of several modules and specific approaches aimed to improve cognitive functioning or job related skills. Across all approaches, social skills training shows advantages in terms of raised social competence.
Social skills training should be offered as a targeted treatment taking into account individual patient characteristics, impairments and needs. It is essential to deliver skills training within a comprehensive care concept combined with other elements focusing on generalization into the community setting.
报告几种社交技能训练方法，并评估其对重度成年精神病患者的疗效及关键成功因素。
通过系统的电子文献检索，查找系统评价和随机对照试验（RCT）并评估证据。
已设计并评估了多种技能训练模型。除了“基本”模型和“解决问题”训练模型外，还有由几个模块组成的复杂程序以及旨在改善认知功能或工作相关技能的特定方法。在所有方法中，社交技能训练在提高社交能力方面均显示出优势。
应根据个体患者的特征、损伤情况和需求，提供针对性的社交技能训练治疗。在综合护理理念下结合其他注重向社区环境推广的要素进行技能训练至关重要。
