Kline M L, Snow D L
The Consultation Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 389 Whitney Avenue, 06511, New Haven, Connecticut.
J Prim Prev. 1994 Dec;15(2):105-21. doi: 10.1007/BF02197142.
This study examines the effectiveness of a 15-session worksite coping skills intervention aimed at modifying work- and family-related risk and protective factors and at reducing negative health outcomes among mothers employed in secretarial positions. A sample of 142 mothers employed at one of four corporate worksites was assessed at pretest, immediately following the intervention, and at 6-month follow-up using multiple self-report measures. Results showed that at immediate posttest, intervention participants reported significantly lower employee role stress, higher social support from work sources, and lower levels of alcohol and tobacco use. They also tended to report less use of avoidance coping and lower psychological symptomatology. At 6-month follow-up, intervention participants reported significantly lower work-family and work environment stress, higher social support from work sources, less avoidance coping, and lower psychological symptomatology. Attrition analyses provided support for the external and internal validity of the study findings. Results were discussed in relation to issues of longitudinal prevention research and worksite-based interventions.
本研究考察了一项为期15节的工作场所应对技能干预措施的效果，该干预旨在改变与工作和家庭相关的风险及保护因素，并减少从事秘书工作的母亲的负面健康结果。对在四个公司工作场所之一任职的142名母亲进行了抽样，在干预前、干预刚结束后以及6个月随访时使用多种自我报告测量方法进行评估。结果显示，在干预刚结束后，参与干预的人员报告称员工角色压力显著降低、来自工作场所的社会支持增加，以及酒精和烟草使用水平降低。他们还倾向于报告较少使用回避应对方式且心理症状较少。在6个月随访时，参与干预的人员报告称工作-家庭和工作环境压力显著降低、来自工作场所的社会支持增加、回避应对较少且心理症状较少。损耗分析为研究结果的外部和内部效度提供了支持。结合纵向预防研究和基于工作场所的干预措施相关问题对结果进行了讨论。
