Division of Entomology and Parasitology College of Natural Resources, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, California.
J Chem Ecol. 1992 Oct;18(10):1809-18. doi: 10.1007/BF02751105.
The oleoresin of the ponderosa pine,Pinus ponderosa (Pinaceae) exhibited broad antimicrobial activity. In order to identify the active compounds, the oleoresin was steam distilled to give a distillate and residue. The distillate contained mainly monoterpenes and some sesquiterpenes, while the residue consisted chiefly of four structurally related diterpene acids. An antimicrobial assay with the pure compounds indicated that the monoterpenes were active primarily against fungi, but there was also some activity against gram-positive bacteria. The diterpene acids, in contrast, only exhibited activity against gram-positive bacteria. Although not all of the identified sesquiterpenes could be tested, longifolene showed activity only against gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, it appears that the oleoresin ofP. ponderosa functions as a biochemical defense against microbial invasion.
美国黄松（松科）的油树脂表现出广泛的抗菌活性。为了鉴定活性化合物，将油树脂进行蒸汽蒸馏得到馏出物和残渣。馏出物主要含有单萜类化合物和一些倍半萜类化合物，而残渣主要由四种结构相关的二萜酸组成。对纯化合物进行的抗菌测定表明，单萜类化合物主要对真菌有活性，但对革兰氏阳性菌也有一些活性。相比之下，二萜酸仅对革兰氏阳性菌表现出活性。尽管并非所有鉴定出的倍半萜类化合物都可以进行测试，但长叶烯仅对革兰氏阳性菌表现出活性。因此，看来美国黄松的油树脂是一种抵御微生物入侵的生化防御物质。
