Moore C W, Allen J P
The Department of Psychology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, 22903, Charlottesville, VA.
J Prim Prev. 1996 Dec;17(2):231-58. doi: 10.1007/BF02248794.
This article reviews some of the best researched volunteer service programs for adolescents and addresses three major questions: 1) What do existing data tell us about the effectiveness of community volunteer service programs in positively influencing the lives of the participants? 2) What do we know about why such programs work? 3) What are the most promising directions for future research and programming efforts to pursue? The review suggests that diverse, successful volunteer programs for adolescents, along with school-based support, are related to improvements in both the academic and social arenas. Specifically, volunteering relates to reduced rates of course failure, suspension from school, and school dropout, and improvement in reading grades; to a reduction in teen pregnancy; and to improved self-concept and attitudes toward society. The conditions under which the volunteering occurs, such as number of hours and the type of volunteer work, seem in some cases to be important to these outcomes, as does the age of the student volunteer; however, much is yet to be understood about these factors.
本文回顾了一些针对青少年研究最为充分的志愿服务项目，并探讨了三个主要问题：1）现有数据告诉我们社区志愿服务项目在积极影响参与者生活方面的成效如何？2）我们对这些项目为何奏效了解多少？3）未来研究和项目努力最有前景的方向是什么？该综述表明，多样化、成功的青少年志愿服务项目，连同学校的支持，与学术和社会领域的改善都有关系。具体而言，志愿服务与课程不及格率、停学率和辍学率的降低以及阅读成绩的提高有关；与青少年怀孕率的降低有关；还与自我概念和对社会态度的改善有关。志愿服务发生的条件，如时长和志愿工作类型，在某些情况下似乎对这些结果很重要，学生志愿者的年龄也是如此；然而，关于这些因素仍有许多有待了解之处。
