Filipowicz Alex, Anderson Britt, Danckert James
a Department of Psychology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , ON , Canada.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2014;67(7):1447-56. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2013.867518. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
The current study examined the influence of redundant stimulus features on our ability to build and update representations of our environment. We hypothesized that our ability to process redundant spatial features would speed our ability to adapt to changing nonspatial regularities. Using a computerized version of the children's game "rock-paper-scissors", undergraduates were instructed to win as often as possible against a computer opponent. The computer's plays were repeating sequences of five choices that were presented either with spatial regularity (i.e., "rock" would always appear on the left, "paper" in the middle, and "scissors" on the right) or without spatial regularity (i.e., the items were equally likely to appear in any of the three locations). Once participants learned a sequence, the computer switched to a different sequence without participants being informed that a switch had occurred. Redundant spatial regularity improved a participant's ability both to learn sequences of plays and to update their plays to reflect new computer sequences. Our results suggest that our perceptual system is sensitive to redundant spatial stimulus features and that this information can improve learning and updating.
当前的研究考察了冗余刺激特征对我们构建和更新环境表征能力的影响。我们假设，处理冗余空间特征的能力会加快我们适应不断变化的非空间规律的能力。使用儿童游戏“石头剪刀布”的电脑化版本，我们指示本科生尽可能多地战胜电脑对手。电脑的出招是五个选择的重复序列，这些选择要么以空间规律呈现（即“石头”总是出现在左边，“布”在中间，“剪刀”在右边），要么没有空间规律（即这些选项在三个位置中的任何一个出现的可能性相同）。一旦参与者学会了一个序列，电脑就会切换到另一个不同的序列，而不会告知参与者已经发生了切换。冗余的空间规律提高了参与者学习出招序列以及更新出招以反映新电脑序列的能力。我们的结果表明，我们的感知系统对冗余空间刺激特征敏感，并且这些信息可以改善学习和更新。
