Rotermann Michelle, Langlois Kellie A, Severini Alberto, Totten Stephanie
Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0T6.
Health Rep. 2013 Apr;24(4):10-5.
Chlamydia, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, and genital herpes, caused by simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), are common sexually transmitted infections. Their prevalence has been estimated in selected populations, but overall prevalence in Canada is not known.
Data are from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Socio-demographic, health and lifestyle information was obtained via a household questionnaire; blood and urine collected at a mobile examination centre were used to identify the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and HSV-2 among 14- to 59-year-olds.
An estimated 13.6% of Canadians (2.9 million) tested positive for HSV-2, and another 0.7% (158,000), for chlamydia. HSV-2 affects higher percentages of women than men, and individuals aged 35 to 59 versus 15 to 34. No significant differences in HSV-2 prevalence were detected by marital status, household income, education, or racial background. Nearly all individuals with laboratory-confirmed chlamydia or HSV-2 were unaware that they were infected.
This study is the first in Canada to report laboratory-confirmed prevalence of chlamydia and HSV-2 using a nationally representative sample. Results suggest that most infected people are unaware of their status.
由沙眼衣原体引起的衣原体感染和由2型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-2）引起的生殖器疱疹是常见的性传播感染。在特定人群中已对它们的患病率进行了估算，但加拿大的总体患病率尚不清楚。
数据来自2009年至2011年的加拿大健康测量调查。通过家庭问卷调查获取社会人口统计学、健康和生活方式信息；在流动检查中心采集的血液和尿液用于确定14至59岁人群中沙眼衣原体和HSV-2的感染情况。
估计13.6%的加拿大人（290万）HSV-2检测呈阳性，另有0.7%（15.8万）衣原体检测呈阳性。HSV-2感染女性的比例高于男性，35至59岁人群的感染比例高于15至34岁人群。按婚姻状况、家庭收入、教育程度或种族背景划分，HSV-2患病率未发现显著差异。几乎所有经实验室确诊感染衣原体或HSV-2的人都不知道自己已被感染。
本研究是加拿大首次使用具有全国代表性的样本报告经实验室确诊的衣原体和HSV-2患病率。结果表明，大多数感染者不知道自己的感染状况。
