Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, Colorado.
J Chem Ecol. 1991 Jun;17(6):1123-33. doi: 10.1007/BF01402938.
The iridoid glycoside antirrinoside was found to be sequestered by highly aposematic larvae of the geometrid mothMeris paradoxa and two noctuid mothLepipolys species feeding onMaurandya antirrhiniflora (Scrophulariaceae), a natural food plant from southern Arizona. The antirrinoside content of leaves and petioles being consumed, eariy-instar larvae, late-instar larvae, larval frass, regurgitant, reflex-bleeding emission (Meris paradoxa), cocoons, pupae, meconium emitted upon eclosion, and adult moths was determined. Larvae, other than the earliest instars, did not excrete antirrinoside in the frass, but sequestered it in amounts of 3-11 % of the dry weight. Small amounts of antirrinoside remained in various pupal or cocoon parts and some was emitted in the meconium upon eclosion. The total antirrinoside accounted for was, however, considerably below that expected based upon the remarkably high 20% content of the leaves and petioles being consumed. The adult cryptic moths of both species contained little or no antirrinoside. This is the first report of a natural food plant and larval stages forM. paradoxa and a previously undescribedLepipolys species. It is also the first report of antirrinoside sequestration and utilization by insects.
裂环烯醚萜苷类化合物 antirrinoside 被食虫高度警戒的尺蛾幼虫和两种夜蛾 Lepipolys 物种隔离，这些幼虫以 Maurandya antirrhiniflora（玄参科）为食，后者是亚利桑那州南部的一种天然食物植物。对食用的叶片和叶柄的 antirrinoside 含量、早期幼虫、晚期幼虫、幼虫粪便、反刍物、反射出血排放（Meris paradoxa）、茧、蛹、羽化时排出的粪便以及成虫进行了测定。除了最早的龄期外，幼虫粪便中没有排泄出 antirrinoside，但以占干重 3-11%的量隔离了它。少量的 antirrinoside 仍留在各种蛹或茧部分中，一些在羽化时排出在粪便中。然而，总 antirrinoside 的含量远低于根据被食用的叶片和叶柄惊人的高 20%含量所预期的水平。两种物种的成年隐密蛾几乎不含或不含 antirrinoside。这是首次报道 M. paradoxa 的天然食物植物和幼虫阶段，以及以前未描述的 Lepipolys 物种。这也是昆虫隔离和利用 antirrinoside 的首次报道。
