US Department of Agriculture, Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, 20705, Beltsville, Maryland.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1984 Aug;6(4):327-36. doi: 10.1007/BF02989240.
Nine male runners (23-46 yr) ran 6 mi near their maximal pace. Blood and urine samples were obtained prior to, immediately after, and 2 h following the run; 24-h urine collections were also taken on the run and nonrun days. Serum chromium increased significantly (P < 0.05) from 0.12 ± 0.02 (mean ± SE) to 0.17 ± 0.03 ng/mL immediately following running and remained elevated, 0.19 ± 0.03 ng/mL, after 2 h. Urinary chromium concentration was elevated several-fold 2 h following running and daily urinary chromium losses were about twofold higher on the day of the run compared to a rest day. Serum zinc was not significantly different from prerun values immediately following running, 81 ± 4 and 85 ± 4 pμg/dL, respectively, but then decreased significantly to 75 ± 4 2 h after exercise. Urinary zinc concentration was elevated more than twofold 2 h after running and total urinary losses on the day of the run were more than 1.5-fold higher than those on the nonrun day. Serum copper was not altered by exercise. Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but not total cholesterol increased significantly following running. HDL cholesterol values were similar to prerun values within 2 h of running. Serum triglycerides, phosphate, creatinine, bilirubin, uric acid, and alkaline phosphatase were also elevated immediately following running, whereas albumin, total protein, and blood urea nitrogen remained constant. These data demonstrate that accompanying the transitory changes in selected clinical indices caused by strenuous running there are alterations in chromium and zinc concentrations in serum and urine and increased specific urinary losses of these essential nutrients.
九名男性跑步者（23-46 岁）以接近最大速度跑了 6 英里。在跑步前、跑步后立即和 2 小时后采集血液和尿液样本；在跑步和非跑步日也采集 24 小时尿液。血清铬在跑步后立即显著升高（P<0.05），从 0.12±0.02（均值±SE）增加到 0.17±0.03ng/mL，2 小时后仍保持升高，为 0.19±0.03ng/mL。尿液中铬浓度在跑步后数小时升高数倍，跑步日的每日尿铬丢失量比休息日高约两倍。血清锌在跑步后立即与跑步前无显著差异，分别为 81±4 和 85±4μg/dL，但随后显著下降至运动后 2 小时的 75±4μg/dL。尿液锌浓度在跑步后升高两倍以上，跑步日的总尿丢失量比非跑步日高 1.5 倍以上。血清铜不受运动影响。高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇，但不是总胆固醇在跑步后显著增加。HDL 胆固醇值在跑步后 2 小时内与跑步前相似。血清甘油三酯、磷酸盐、肌酐、胆红素、尿酸和碱性磷酸酶在跑步后立即升高，而白蛋白、总蛋白和血尿素氮保持不变。这些数据表明，在剧烈跑步引起的某些临床指标的短暂变化的同时，血清和尿液中的铬和锌浓度发生变化，这些必需营养素的特定尿液丢失增加。
