Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie, Nutrition et Energétique Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
J Chem Ecol. 1990 Aug;16(8):2569-79. doi: 10.1007/BF01017479.
Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord.) of the 1987-1988 population density peak left several seedling plantations of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Norway pine (Pinus resinosa) severely damaged in southern Quebec, Canada, while white spruce (Picea glauca) and white pine (Pinus strobus) suffered no damage. We compared levels of crude protein, total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), total phenols, and monoterpenes in the bark to detect differences between damaged and undamaged seedlings within and between plantations. There were no significant differences in levels of nutritional components between both types of seedlings within the same plantation. However, differences were noted among tree plantations for protein, TNC, and phenolics content but these differences could not be assigned to the voles' selection for particular species. Quantitative and qualitative differences also were registered in monoterpene levels between species. β-Myrcene and bornyl acetate were found only in seedlings of undamaged species. Moreover, the latter contained higher levels of limonene. We conclude that the presence of specific monoterpenes is more important in defense mechanisms of conifer seedlings than relative levels of nutrients (protein or TNC) or total phenolics.
1987-1988 年种群密度高峰期的草地田鼠（Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord.）严重破坏了加拿大魁北克南部的几个挪威云杉（Picea abies）和挪威松（Pinus resinosa）幼苗种植园，而白云杉（Picea glauca）和美国黄松（Pinus strobus）则没有受到损害。我们比较了树皮中粗蛋白、总非结构性碳水化合物（TNC）、总酚和单萜的水平，以检测同一种植园中受损和未受损幼苗之间的差异。在同一种植园中，两种类型的幼苗之间在营养成分水平上没有显著差异。然而，在不同的树木种植园中，蛋白质、TNC 和酚类物质的含量存在差异，但这些差异不能归因于田鼠对特定物种的选择。种间单萜水平也存在定量和定性差异。β-月桂烯和乙酸龙脑酯仅存在于未受损物种的幼苗中。此外，后者还含有更高水平的柠檬烯。我们的结论是，特定单萜的存在对针叶树幼苗的防御机制比相对的营养物质（蛋白质或 TNC）或总酚类物质更为重要。
