Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille Université, UM2, Campus de Luminy, Case 906, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
Science. 2013 Nov 22;342(6161):1242974. doi: 10.1126/science.1242974.
In many mammalian tissues, mature differentiated cells are replaced by self-renewing stem cells, either continuously during homeostasis or in response to challenge and injury. For example, hematopoietic stem cells generate all mature blood cells, including monocytes, which have long been thought to be the major source of tissue macrophages. Recently, however, major macrophage populations were found to be derived from embryonic progenitors and to renew independently of hematopoietic stem cells. This process may not require progenitors, as mature macrophages can proliferate in response to specific stimuli indefinitely and without transformation or loss of functional differentiation. These findings suggest that macrophages are mature differentiated cells that may have a self-renewal potential similar to that of stem cells.
在许多哺乳动物组织中，成熟分化的细胞被自我更新的干细胞所取代，这种取代可以是在稳态下持续进行，也可以是响应挑战和损伤而进行。例如，造血干细胞生成所有成熟的血细胞，包括单核细胞，单核细胞长期以来被认为是组织巨噬细胞的主要来源。然而，最近发现主要的巨噬细胞群体来源于胚胎前体，并独立于造血干细胞进行更新。这个过程可能不需要前体，因为成熟的巨噬细胞可以在特定刺激下无限期地增殖，而不会发生转化或失去功能分化。这些发现表明巨噬细胞是成熟分化的细胞，它们可能具有类似于干细胞的自我更新潜力。
