Kilani Hashem, Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa, Waly Mostafa I, Musaiger Abdulrahman
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman;
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013 Nov;13(4):510-9. doi: 10.12816/0003309. Epub 2013 Nov 8.
This study aimed to investigate the lifestyle habits-physical activity (PA), eating habits (EH), and sleep duration (SD)-of Omani adolescents, and to examine gender differences in such variables.
802 Omani adolescents (442 females and 360 males), aged 15-18 years were randomly recruited. Anthropometric indices, PA level, and EH and SD were evaluated by the Arab Teenage Lifestyle questionnaire. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for dietary assessment was also administered.
The results showed that although the study subjects had a sedentary lifestyle (lack of PA, average of 6.7 hours sleep, and consumption of high calorie foods), they maintained a normal body mass (less than 25 Kg/m(2)). Males were more than twice as active as females. With respect to EH, there were few gender differences, except in dairy and meat consumption where 62.5% and 55.5% of males consumed more than 3 servings, respectively, compared to 18.78 % and 35.2% of females, respectively. In addition, waist/height ratio, height, reasons for being active, energy drinks, potato consumption, eating sweets, vigorous PA and breakfast EHs were statistically significant independent predictors for BMI, P <0.05 for both males and females.
This study revealed a high prevalence of sedentary behaviors and a low level of physical activity, especially among females. Unhealthy dietary habits were also widely found among both genders. There is an urgent need for more research as well as a national policy promoting active living and healthy eating and discouraging sedentary behaviour among Omani adolescents.
本研究旨在调查阿曼青少年的生活习惯——身体活动（PA）、饮食习惯（EH）和睡眠时间（SD），并检验这些变量中的性别差异。
随机招募了802名15 - 18岁的阿曼青少年（442名女性和360名男性）。通过阿拉伯青少年生活方式问卷评估人体测量指标、PA水平以及EH和SD。还采用了半定量食物频率问卷进行饮食评估。
结果显示，尽管研究对象的生活方式久坐不动（缺乏PA，平均睡眠时间为6.7小时，且食用高热量食物），但他们的体重正常（体重指数小于25 Kg/m²）。男性的活动量是女性的两倍多。在EH方面，除了乳制品和肉类消费存在性别差异外，其他方面差异不大。男性中分别有62.5%和55.5%的人食用量超过3份，而女性中这一比例分别为18.78%和35.2%。此外，腰高比、身高、活动原因、能量饮料、土豆消费、吃甜食、剧烈PA和早餐EH是BMI的统计学显著独立预测因素，男性和女性的P值均<0.05。
本研究表明久坐行为的发生率很高，身体活动水平较低，尤其是在女性中。不健康的饮食习惯在两性中也普遍存在。迫切需要开展更多研究，并制定一项国家政策，以促进阿曼青少年积极生活和健康饮食，减少久坐行为。
