1Swiss Federal Institute of Sport, Magglingen, Switzerland; and 2Institute for Anatomy, University of Bern, Berne, Switzerland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Jun;28(6):1581-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000294.
Alpine ski races can last up to 2.5 minutes and have very high metabolic demands. One limiting factor for performance is insufficient aerobic energy supply. We studied the effects of an 8-day interval training block on aerobic capacity (VO2max) and performance and physiology during the 90-second box jump test (BJ90), a maximal performance test employed to simulate the metabolic demands of alpine ski racing, in elite junior skiers. After 10 high-intensity interval training sessions, performed as cycling, running, or an obstacle course, VO2max increased in all subjects by 2.5 ± 1.9 ml · minute(-1) · kg(-1) (4.3 ± 3.2%), as did maximal blood lactate concentration in a graded cycling test (before: 11.7 ± 1.3 mmol · L(-1), after: 14.8 ± 1.8 mmol · L(-1), both parameters p ≤ 0.05). Performance (total jumps) and aerobic energy contribution (63.3 ± 2.8%) during the BJ90 did not increase as hypothesized; however, subjects altered their pacing strategy, which may have counteracted such an effect. Additionally, the present data support the practicality of the performance test used for mimicking the demands of alpine skiing.
高山滑雪比赛的时间可长达 2.5 分钟，代谢需求非常高。表现的一个限制因素是有氧能量供应不足。我们研究了 8 天的间歇训练对有氧能力（最大摄氧量）和表现的影响，以及在 90 秒箱式跳跃测试（BJ90）中的生理学变化，BJ90 是一种模拟高山滑雪代谢需求的最大性能测试，用于研究精英青少年滑雪者。在进行了 10 次高强度的间歇训练（如骑自行车、跑步或障碍课程）后，所有受试者的最大摄氧量增加了 2.5 ± 1.9 ml·分钟(-1)·千克(-1)（4.3 ± 3.2%），在递增式自行车测试中的最大血乳酸浓度也增加了（之前：11.7 ± 1.3 mmol·L(-1)，之后：14.8 ± 1.8 mmol·L(-1)，两个参数均 p ≤ 0.05）。正如假设的那样，BJ90 中的表现（总跳跃次数）和有氧能量贡献（63.3 ± 2.8%）没有增加；然而，受试者改变了他们的节奏策略，这可能抵消了这种影响。此外，本数据支持了用于模拟高山滑雪需求的性能测试的实用性。
