Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Boulevard, Weston, FL 33331, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2013 Dec;42(4):713-28. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.08.001. Epub 2013 Oct 10.
A good understanding of anorectal physiology is essential for the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of various anorectal disorders, such as fecal incontinence, constipation, and pain. This article reviews the physiology of the anorectum and details the various investigations used to diagnose anorectal physiology disorders. These anatomic and functional tests include anal manometry, endoanal ultrasound, defecography, balloon expulsion test, magnetic resonance imaging, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency, electromyography, and colonic transit studies. Indications for investigations, steps in performing the tests, and interpretation of results are discussed.
对肛门直肠生理学的良好理解对于诊断和适当治疗各种肛门直肠疾病至关重要，例如粪便失禁、便秘和疼痛。本文回顾了肛门直肠的生理学，并详细介绍了用于诊断肛门直肠生理学疾病的各种检查。这些解剖学和功能测试包括肛门测压法、经肛门超声、排粪造影、球囊排出试验、磁共振成像、阴部神经末端运动潜伏期、肌电图和结肠传输研究。讨论了检查的适应证、进行测试的步骤和结果的解释。
