Department of Pediatrics, Emma's Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands (FdG, JBvG, and HS); the Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands (JBvG, LH, and IvV); the Division of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands (GJV and LCWR); the Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands (AV); and the Division of Neonatology (CC) and the Department of Gastro-Enterology (YH), Fudan Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jan;99(1):62-70. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.038927. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Knowledge of essential amino acid requirements in infants is important because excessive intake of protein can lead to increased long-term morbidity such as obesity. A deficient intake may lead to suboptimal growth and impaired neurodevelopment. The current recommended branched-chain amino acid requirements in infants aged 0-1 mo are based on the amino acid content of human milk.
We quantified the requirements for isoleucine, leucine, and valine for term neonates by using the indicator amino acid oxidation method with [1-(13)C]phenylalanine as the indicator.
Fully enterally fed term infants received randomly graded amounts of isoleucine (5-216 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1)), leucine (5-370 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1)), or valine (5-236 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1)) as part of an elemental formula. Data are expressed as means ± SDs.
Eighty-three Asian, term neonates (mean ± SD birth weight: 3.3 ± 0.4 kg; gestational age: 39.4 ± 1.3 wk) were studied at a postnatal age of 13 ± 5 d. Mean requirements for isoleucine, leucine, and valine (measured in boys only) were 105 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) (r(2) = 0.61, P < 0.001), 140 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) (r(2) = 0.26, P < 0.01), and 110 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) (r(2) = 0.35, P = 0.001), respectively.
Current human milk-based recommendations for isoleucine and valine in term infants aged 0-1 mo are correct. However, the current recommendation for leucine (166 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1)) is higher than the mean requirement of 140 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) that we determined in this study. This trial was registered at www.trialregister.nl as NTR1610.
了解婴儿必需氨基酸的需求很重要，因为过量摄入蛋白质可能会导致长期发病率增加，如肥胖。摄入不足可能会导致生长发育不良和神经发育受损。目前，0-1 月龄婴儿支链氨基酸的推荐摄入量是基于人乳中的氨基酸含量。
我们使用 1-（13）C]苯丙氨酸作为指示剂，通过指示氨基酸氧化法来量化足月新生儿对异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸的需求。
完全经肠喂养的足月婴儿随机接受不同剂量的异亮氨酸（5-216mg·kg-1·d-1）、亮氨酸（5-370mg·kg-1·d-1）或缬氨酸（5-236mg·kg-1·d-1），作为元素配方的一部分。数据以平均值±标准差表示。
83 名亚洲足月新生儿（平均±标准差出生体重：3.3±0.4kg；胎龄：39.4±1.3 周）在出生后 13±5 天进行了研究。异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸的平均需求量（仅在男孩中测量）分别为 105mg·kg-1·d-1（r2=0.61，P<0.001）、140mg·kg-1·d-1（r2=0.26，P<0.01）和 110mg·kg-1·d-1（r2=0.35，P=0.001）。
目前基于人乳的 0-1 月龄足月婴儿异亮氨酸和缬氨酸的推荐量是正确的。然而，目前推荐的亮氨酸（166mg·kg-1·d-1）高于我们在这项研究中确定的 140mg·kg-1·d-1 的平均需求量。本试验在 www.trialregister.nl 注册，编号为 NTR1610。
