Rasmussen Eva R, Mey Kristianna, Bygum Anette
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and neck surgery, Koege Hospital, DK-4600 Koege, Denmark.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2014 May;94(3):260-4. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1760.
Angioedema is a sudden localised and often asymmetric swelling of the skin or mucous membranes caused by transient increased endothelial permeability causing plasma extravasation. In the last decades the incidence of severe angioedema involving the upper airways and even fatal outcome due to asphyxia has increased. This is mainly due to pharmaceuticals such as angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitors, which are extensively used worldwide. Some aspects of the pathophysiology have been elucidated and the vasoactive molecule bradykinin is shown to be one of the main causative agents. The diagnosis is often delayed and traditional treatment usually ineffective. Complement C1 inhibitor concentrate and bradykinin receptor antagonists, normally used to treat patients with hereditary angioedema, have shown good results when used in patients with bradykinin-mediated angioedema. This review discusses the disease, prognosis and treatment options.
血管性水肿是一种皮肤或黏膜突然出现的局部性且常不对称的肿胀，由内皮细胞通透性短暂增加导致血浆外渗引起。在过去几十年中，累及上呼吸道的严重血管性水肿甚至因窒息导致的致命后果的发生率有所增加。这主要归因于诸如血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂等药物，这些药物在全球被广泛使用。病理生理学的一些方面已得到阐明，血管活性分子缓激肽被证明是主要致病因素之一。诊断往往延迟，传统治疗通常无效。补体C1抑制剂浓缩物和缓激肽受体拮抗剂，通常用于治疗遗传性血管性水肿患者，在用于缓激肽介导的血管性水肿患者时已显示出良好效果。本综述讨论了该疾病、预后和治疗选择。
