Mizoo Taeko, Taira Naruto, Nishiyama Keiko, Nogami Tomohiro, Iwamoto Takayuki, Motoki Takayuki, Shien Tadahiko, Matsuoka Junji, Doihara Hiroyoshi, Ishihara Setsuko, Kawai Hiroshi, Kawasaki Kensuke, Ishibe Youichi, Ogasawara Yutaka, Komoike Yoshifumi, Miyoshi Shinichiro
Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama-city, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
BMC Cancer. 2013 Dec 1;13:565. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-565.
Lifestyle factors, including food and nutrition, physical activity, body composition and reproductive factors, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with breast cancer risk, but few studies of these factors have been performed in the Japanese population. Thus, the goals of this study were to validate the association between reported SNPs and breast cancer risk in the Japanese population and to evaluate the effects of SNP genotypes and lifestyle factors on breast cancer risk.
A case-control study in 472 patients and 464 controls was conducted from December 2010 to November 2011. Lifestyle was examined using a self-administered questionnaire. We analyzed 16 breast cancer-associated SNPs based on previous GWAS or candidate-gene association studies. Age or multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated from logistic regression analyses.
High BMI and current or former smoking were significantly associated with an increased breast cancer risk, while intake of meat, mushrooms, yellow and green vegetables, coffee, and green tea, current leisure-time exercise, and education were significantly associated with a decreased risk. Three SNPs were significantly associated with a breast cancer risk in multivariate analysis: rs2046210 (per allele OR=1.37 [95% CI: 1.11-1.70]), rs3757318 (OR=1.33[1.05-1.69]), and rs3803662 (OR=1.28 [1.07-1.55]). In 2046210 risk allele carriers, leisure-time exercise was associated with a significantly decreased risk for breast cancer, whereas current smoking and high BMI were associated with a significantly decreased risk in non-risk allele carriers.
In Japanese women, rs2046210 and 3757318 located near the ESR1 gene are associated with a risk of breast cancer, as in other Asian women. However, our findings suggest that exercise can decrease this risk in allele carriers.
生活方式因素，包括饮食与营养、身体活动、身体组成和生殖因素，以及单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与乳腺癌风险相关，但在日本人群中针对这些因素的研究较少。因此，本研究的目的是验证日本人群中已报道的SNP与乳腺癌风险之间的关联，并评估SNP基因型和生活方式因素对乳腺癌风险的影响。
2010年12月至2011年11月，对472例患者和464例对照进行了一项病例对照研究。通过自填问卷来调查生活方式。我们基于先前的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）或候选基因关联研究，分析了16个与乳腺癌相关的SNP。通过逻辑回归分析估计年龄或多变量调整后的优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。
高体重指数（BMI）以及当前或既往吸烟与乳腺癌风险增加显著相关，而肉类、蘑菇、黄色和绿色蔬菜、咖啡和绿茶的摄入、当前的休闲运动以及受教育程度与风险降低显著相关。在多变量分析中，三个SNP与乳腺癌风险显著相关：rs2046210（每个等位基因OR = 1.37 [95%CI：1.11 - 1.70]）、rs3757318（OR = 1.33 [1.05 - 1.69]）和rs3803662（OR = 1.28 [1.07 - 1.55]）。在rs2046210风险等位基因携带者中，休闲运动与乳腺癌风险显著降低相关，而在非风险等位基因携带者中，当前吸烟和高BMI与风险显著降低相关。
在日本女性中，与其他亚洲女性一样，位于雌激素受体1（ESR1）基因附近的rs2046210和rs3757318与乳腺癌风险相关。然而，我们的研究结果表明，运动可以降低等位基因携带者的这种风险。
