Dolezal Curtis, Warne Patricia, Santamaria E Karina, Elkington Katherine S, Benavides Jessica M, Mellins Claude A
a HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University.
J Sex Res. 2014;51(5):599-604. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2013.829797. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
Among young adults who use condoms, incomplete condom use (putting a condom on after beginning or taking a condom off before finishing sex) and condom failure (condom breaking or slipping off during sex) are common. Therefore, sexual behavior surveys that ask only if a condom was used are likely to underestimate the actual prevalence of unprotected sex. This study examined data from 135 sexually active perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) youth and perinatally exposed but uninfected (PHIV-) youth, ages 13 to 24. Participants were asked whether they used a condom on their first and their most recent occasion of vaginal sex. Youth who reported using a condom were asked a follow-up question about whether there was any time during that occasion when sex was not protected by a condom. This follow-up question identified additional participants--almost double the proportions who initially said they did not use a condom--who had unprotected sex. Incomplete condom use was similar among PHIV+ and PHIV-youth, boys and girls, Latinos and African Americans, and younger and older youth. These findings illustrate the importance of asking specifically about whether any unprotected behavior occurred from start to finish of sex to achieve more valid estimates of sexual risk behavior.
在使用避孕套的年轻成年人中，不完全使用避孕套（性行为开始后才戴避孕套或性行为结束前就摘掉避孕套）和避孕套失败（性行为过程中避孕套破裂或滑落）的情况很常见。因此，仅询问是否使用过避孕套的性行为调查可能会低估无保护性行为的实际发生率。本研究调查了135名年龄在13至24岁之间、有性活动的围产期感染艾滋病毒（PHIV+）的青年和围产期接触过艾滋病毒但未感染（PHIV-）的青年的数据。参与者被问及在他们首次和最近一次阴道性行为中是否使用了避孕套。报告使用过避孕套的青年被问及一个后续问题，即在那次性行为中是否有任何时间段没有使用避孕套进行保护。这个后续问题识别出了另外一些参与者——几乎是最初表示未使用避孕套的比例的两倍——他们有无保护性行为。PHIV+青年和PHIV-青年、男孩和女孩、拉丁裔和非裔美国人以及年龄较小和较大的青年中，不完全使用避孕套的情况相似。这些发现说明了专门询问从性行为开始到结束是否发生过任何无保护行为对于更准确地估计性风险行为的重要性。
