Canzan Federica, Heilemann MarySue V, Saiani Luisa, Mortari Luigina, Ambrosi Elisa
Education and Lifelong Learning Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2014 Dec;28(4):732-40. doi: 10.1111/scs.12105. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Just as in many countries all over the world, the number of older people in Italy has increased rapidly. Consequently, an increasing number of nurses are engaged in the care of older patients. However, due to a lack of understanding of how nurses and patients perceive caring, nursing care may be compromised. The aim of this study is to explore, describe and compare the perceptions of gerontological nurses and patients related to the dimensions of caring in nursing in an Italian hospital setting.
In this qualitative descriptive study, a variety of analytic techniques were used to analyse semi-structured interview data from a purposeful sample of 20 nurses and 20 patients from geriatric units in two different Italian hospitals.
Although both nurses and patients gave rich descriptions of caring experiences, patients described features of caring in nursing that were visible (including nurses' caring gestures, giving attention and being competent) while nurses predominantly emphasised aspects of caring that were relatively invisible (such as reflecting on the patient's past needs, evaluating the nursing care rendered, planning for more appropriate future nursing care, taking multiple complex contextual factors into account to protect the patient and being competent).
Our data revealed more nuanced insight into the meaning of invisible and visible caring in nursing within the gerontological context than has been previously reported in the literature. This has implications for nursing education and practice because it may help nurses meet the actual needs of older patients in hospital settings.
与世界上许多国家一样，意大利老年人的数量迅速增加。因此，越来越多的护士从事老年患者的护理工作。然而，由于对护士和患者如何看待护理缺乏了解，护理质量可能会受到影响。本研究的目的是探讨、描述和比较意大利医院环境中老年护理护士和患者对护理关怀维度的看法。
在这项定性描述性研究中，使用了多种分析技术来分析来自意大利两家不同医院老年病房的20名护士和20名患者的有目的样本的半结构化访谈数据。
尽管护士和患者都对护理经历进行了丰富的描述，但患者描述了护理中可见的关怀特征（包括护士的关怀姿态、给予关注和具备能力），而护士主要强调相对无形的关怀方面（如反思患者过去的需求、评估所提供的护理、规划更合适的未来护理、考虑多个复杂的背景因素以保护患者和具备能力）。
我们的数据揭示了在老年护理背景下，护理中无形和有形关怀的含义比以往文献报道的更细微的见解。这对护理教育和实践具有启示意义，因为它可能有助于护士满足医院环境中老年患者的实际需求。
