Au/TiO2 superstructure-based plasmonic photocatalysts exhibiting efficient charge separation and unprecedented activity.

Plasmonic photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by the modification of TiO2 mesocrystals with Au nanoparticles (NPs) by a simple impregnation method. The Au NP sensitizers show a strong photoelectrochemical response in the visible-light region (400-800 nm) due to their surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements on a wide range of time scales (from picoseconds to minutes) demonstrate that a substantial part of electrons, injected from the Au NPs to the TiO2 mesocrystals through the SPR excitation, directionally migrate from the basal surfaces to the edges of the plate-like mesocrystals through the TiO2 nanocrystal networks and are temporally stored there for further reactions. This anisotropic electron flow significantly retarded the charge recombination of these electrons with the holes in the Au NPs, thereby improving the visible-light-photocatalytic activity (for organic-pollutant degradation) by more than an order of magnitude, as compared to that of conventional Au/TiO2 NP systems.