Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 1982 Dec;11(6):425-50. doi: 10.1007/BF01538805.
In order to provide a fuller and more satisfying description of the significant others in the social world of an adolescent, the Social Relations Questionnaire was developed and then administered to almost 3000 seventh-through tenth-graders in a midwestern suburban school district. The sample was randomly split in half and analyses were run on both halves separately to test for replicability. Results indicated that parents and siblings are almost always listed as significant others by adolescents in all four grade levels. Furthermore, the majority of adolescents listed at least one extended family adult and at least one nonrelated adult as important in their lives. The nonrelated adults lived closer to the adolescents and were seen more frequently and in more contexts than extended family members. Fewer extended family adults were listed in the older grades. Females listed more significant others than males both overall and in terms of both same- and opposite-sex nonrelated young people. As hypothesize, an increasing number of opposite-sex young people was listed as a function of grade level. Most nonrelated young people listed (a loose definition of peers) were from the same grade, same school, and same neighborhood as the respondent. The authors conclude that age-segregation in this community is not extreme (over 40% of the significant others listed were adults) and that the Social Relations Questionnaire provides a useful and holistic description of an adolescent's social world.
为了更全面、更充分地描述青少年社会世界中的重要他人，我们开发了社会关系问卷，并在中西部郊区学区的近 3000 名七至十年级学生中进行了测试。该样本被随机分成两半，分别对两半进行分析以检验可重复性。结果表明，在所有四个年级中，父母和兄弟姐妹几乎总是被青少年列为重要他人。此外，大多数青少年至少列出了一位大家庭的成年人和一位非亲属成年人作为他们生活中的重要人物。非亲属成年人与青少年的距离更近，见面的频率更高，接触的场景也更多。在高年级中，列出的大家庭成年人较少。女性列出的重要他人比男性多，无论是总体上还是在同性和异性非亲属年轻人方面都是如此。正如假设的那样，随着年级的升高，列出的异性年轻人的数量也在增加。大多数被列出的非亲属年轻人（对同龄人较宽松的定义）与受访者来自同一年级、同一所学校和同一社区。作者得出结论，该社区的年龄隔离并不极端（超过 40%的重要他人是成年人），社会关系问卷提供了对青少年社会世界的有用和全面描述。
