Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 27;8(11):e79842. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079842. eCollection 2013.
The heterocyclic amine, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-B]pyridine (PhIP), found in meats cooked at high temperatures, has been implicated in epidemiological and rodent studies for causing breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. A previous animal study using a xenograft model has shown that whole tomato and broccoli, when eaten in combination, exhibit a marked effect on tumor reduction compared to when eaten alone. Our aim was to determine if PhIP-induced carcinogenesis can be prevented by dietary consumption of whole tomato + broccoli powders. Male Fischer 344 rats (n = 45) were randomized into the following treatment groups: control (AIN93G diet), PhIP (200 ppm in AIN93G diet for the first 20 weeks of the study), or tomato + broccoli + PhIP (mixed in AIN93G diet at 10% each and fed with PhIP for 20 weeks, and then without PhIP for 32 weeks). Study animals were monitored for 52 weeks and were euthanized as necessary based on a set of criteria for health status and tumor burden. Although there appeared to be some hepatic and intestinal toxicity due to the combination of PhIP and tomato + broccoli, these rodents had improved survival and reduced incidence and/or severity of PhIP-induced neoplastic lesions compared to the PhIP-alone treated group. Rats eating tomato + broccoli exhibited a marked decrease in the number and size of cribiform prostatic intraepitheilial neoplasia/carcinoma in situ (cribiform PIN/CIS) lesions and in the incidence of invasive intestinal adenocarcinomas and skin carcinomas. Although the apparent toxic effects of combined PhIP and tomato + broccoli need additional study, the results of this study support the hypothesis that a diet rich in tomato and broccoli can reduce or prevent dietary carcinogen-induced cancers.
杂环胺 2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶（PhIP）存在于高温烹饪的肉类中，已在流行病学和啮齿动物研究中被牵连引起乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌。先前的一项使用异种移植模型的动物研究表明，与单独食用相比，全番茄和西兰花联合食用时对肿瘤减少具有明显效果。我们的目的是确定通过食用全番茄+西兰花粉是否可以预防 PhIP 诱导的致癌作用。雄性 Fischer 344 大鼠（n=45）随机分为以下治疗组：对照组（AIN93G 饮食）、PhIP（AIN93G 饮食中 200 ppm，研究的前 20 周）或番茄+西兰花+PhIP（混合在 AIN93G 饮食中，各占 10%，并用 PhIP 喂养 20 周，然后无 PhIP 喂养 32 周）。研究动物监测 52 周，并根据健康状况和肿瘤负担的一套标准，在必要时进行安乐死。尽管由于 PhIP 和番茄+西兰花的组合似乎存在一些肝和肠毒性，但与 PhIP 单独治疗组相比，这些啮齿动物的存活率提高，PhIP 诱导的肿瘤病变的发生率和/或严重程度降低。食用番茄+西兰花的大鼠表现出明显减少的筛状前列腺上皮内肿瘤/原位癌（cribiform PIN/CIS）病变的数量和大小，以及侵袭性肠道腺癌和皮肤癌的发生率降低。尽管 PhIP 和番茄+西兰花联合使用的明显毒性作用需要进一步研究，但本研究的结果支持以下假设：富含番茄和西兰花的饮食可以减少或预防膳食致癌物诱导的癌症。
