Porter Kristen E, Krinsky Lisa
a Department of Gerontology, John E. McCormack School of Policy & Global Studies , University of Massachusetts , Boston , Massachusetts , USA.
J Homosex. 2014;61(1):197-216. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2013.835618.
This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding whether attitudes, beliefs, and intentions of elder-service providers can be positively affected as a result of attending cultural competency training on the unique challenges of sexual and gender minorities. Stigmatization throughout the lifespan may have a causal influence on barriers to care, social isolation, and concomitant health disparities. Data were collected for this study at 4 Massachusetts training events to pilot a cultural competency workshop on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) aging for mainstream elder service providers. This quasi-experimental study included the analysis of pre- and posttest surveys completed by the service-provider attendees (N = 76). The analytic strategy included descriptive statistics, paired t tests, chi-square analyses, and repeated measures analyses of variance. Findings revealed statistically significant improvement in numerous aspects of providers' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions subsequent to the training sessions. These included (p = .000) awareness of LGBT resources, policy disparities, spousal benefits for same-sex couples, and the intention to challenge homophobic remarks. This study concludes that mainstream elder-service provider training on LGBT aging issues results in positive change. Recommendations include long-term follow up of participants, the inception of agency-level surveys to appraise institutional culture change, and increased curriculum on transgender older adults.
本研究旨在提供实证证据，以证明老年服务提供者的态度、信念和意图是否会因参加关于性少数群体和性别少数群体独特挑战的文化能力培训而受到积极影响。一生中遭受的污名化可能会对获得护理的障碍、社会孤立以及随之而来的健康差距产生因果影响。本研究在马萨诸塞州的4次培训活动中收集数据，以试点为主流老年服务提供者举办的关于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者（LGBT）老龄化的文化能力研讨会。这项准实验研究包括对服务提供者参与者（N = 76）完成的测试前和测试后调查进行分析。分析策略包括描述性统计、配对t检验、卡方分析和重复测量方差分析。研究结果显示，培训课程结束后，提供者在知识、态度和行为意图的许多方面都有统计学上的显著改善。这些方面包括（p = .000）对LGBT资源的了解、政策差异、同性伴侣的配偶福利以及挑战恐同言论的意图。本研究得出结论，针对LGBT老龄化问题对主流老年服务提供者进行培训可带来积极变化。建议包括对参与者进行长期跟踪、开展机构层面的调查以评估机构文化的变化，以及增加针对跨性别老年人的课程。
