Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2013 Dec 10;233(1-3):28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.017. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
Homicide-suicides, the murder of one or several individuals followed by the suicide of the perpetrator, are rare but have devastating effects on families and communities. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing perpetrators of homicide-suicides with perpetrators of simple homicides and suicides and examined the proportion of firearm use and its correlation with firearm availability. We searched Medline and Embase from inception to July 2012 and identified 27 eligible studies. Perpetrators of homicide-suicides were older and more likely to be male and married to or separated from their victims than perpetrator of simple homicides or suicides. Influence of alcohol and a history of domestic violence or unemployment were less prevalent in homicide-suicides than in homicides. The proportion of firearm use in homicide-suicides varied across countries and was highest in the USA, Switzerland and South Africa, followed by Australia, Canada, The Netherlands and England and Wales, with a strong correlation between the use of firearms and the level of civilian gun ownership in the country. Our results indicate that homicide-suicides represent a distinct entity, with characteristics distinguishing them both from homicides and suicides.
杀人-自杀，即谋杀一人或数人后凶手自杀，这种情况比较罕见，但对家庭和社区会造成毁灭性的影响。我们对比较杀人-自杀行为与单纯杀人行为和自杀行为的凶手的研究进行了系统综述和荟萃分析，并考察了枪支使用的比例及其与枪支可获得性的相关性。我们检索了 Medline 和 Embase 从建库到 2012 年 7 月的资料，共确定了 27 项符合条件的研究。杀人-自杀行为的凶手比单纯杀人或自杀行为的凶手年龄更大，更可能是男性，且与受害者为夫妻或已分居。与杀人行为相比，酒精和家庭暴力或失业史的影响在杀人-自杀行为中不那么普遍。各国的枪支使用比例不同，美国、瑞士和南非最高，其次是澳大利亚、加拿大、荷兰和英格兰和威尔士，而且枪支使用与该国民间枪支拥有量之间存在很强的相关性。我们的结果表明，杀人-自杀行为是一种独特的实体，其特征使其有别于杀人行为和自杀行为。
